2018 ACM/ICPC 焦作赛区网络赛 G 大数取模，费马小定理

最新推荐文章于 2019-08-02 15:24:37 发布

WayJasy

最新推荐文章于 2019-08-02 15:24:37 发布

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文章标签：数论

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/pall_scall/article/details/82716365

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There are NN children in kindergarten. Miss Li bought them NN candies. To make the process more interesting, Miss Li comes up with the rule: All the children line up according to their student number (1...N)(1...N), and each time a child is invited, Miss Li randomly gives him some candies (at least one). The process goes on until there is no candy. Miss Li wants to know how many possible different distribution results are there.

Input

The first line contains an integer TT, the number of test case.

The next TT lines, each contains an integer NN.

1 \le T \le 1001≤T≤100

1 \le N \le 10^{100000}1≤N≤10100000

Output

For each test case output the number of possible results (mod 1000000007).

样例输入复制

1
4

样例输出复制

题意：简单规律题，打个表找到规律，就是求2^(n-1)对1e9+7进行取模。

题解：n很大，有10^100000，所以要用大数取模。

很容易想到费马小定理。当p为质数时，2^(p-1)mod p = 1,所以用费马小定理降幂。

设n-1中有x个（p-1），那么 2^(n-1) mod p= 2^(x*(p-1)+(n-1)%(p-1)) mod p = 2^((n-1)%(p-1)) mod p

大数取模求出（n-1）%（p-1）然后快速幂就行了。


#include<iostream>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdio>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<queue>
#include<cmath>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#include<vector> 
using namespace std;
#define inf 1e18
#define rep(i,a,n) for(int i=a;i<=n;i++)
#define per(i,a,n) for(int i=n;i>=a;i--)
#define lson l,mid,rt<<1
#define rson mid+1,r,rt<<1|1
#define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a));
#define lowbit(x)  x&-x;
typedef  long long ll;
const int maxn = 1e5+5;
const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
char s[1005];
ll quick(ll a,ll b){
	ll res = 1;
	while(b){
		if(b&1) res = (res*a)%mod;
		b >>= 1;
		a = (a*a)%mod;
	}
	return res;
}
int main(){
	int t;
	cin>>t;
	
	while(t--){
		scanf("%s",s);
		ll n = s[0] - '0';
		ll MOD = mod - 1;
		int len = strlen(s);
		for(int i = 1; i < len; i++){
			n = (n*10 + s[i]-'0')%MOD;
		}
		n--;
		ll N = quick(2,n);
		printf("%lld\n",N);
	}
}