搭建Ubuntu 10.04系统(嵌入式开发)

 

搭建Ubuntu 10.04系统(嵌入式开发) 

自己的经验加上google的资料，还有诸多大神的blog总算积累了一个比较全面的入门材料了，花了很长时间整理出来，一来以后实验室的小弟弟们就不用我大费周折地手把手教装系统了。。。。二来顺便自己也可以留着做参考。。

 

1. 下载安装:

1.1下载ubuntu:

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/

 

1.2 安装ubuntu:

1.2.1 硬盘安装: (windows,硬盘安装ubuntu)

------------ boot.ini: ------------------------

[boot loader]

timeout=10

default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)/WINDOWS

[operating systems]

multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)/WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /noexecute=optin /fastdetect

c:/grldr="Ubuntu10.04 live"

 

----------------------------------------------

 

---------------------- menu.lst ----------------------

# 默认延迟时间(秒)

timeout 10

# 第7项（从硬盘启动）为默认值

default 2

# 设置图形背景文件

splashimage /boot/grub/3.xpm

# 设置中文支持的字体文件

fontfile /boot/grub/fonts

#设置grub密码

#password=xxx

 

# (1) Windows

title 【1】启动Windows

rootnoverify (hd0,0)

makeactive

chainloader +1

 

title 【3】启动Ubuntu10.04 live on /dev/sda1(此处回车进入)

root (hd0,0)

kernel (hd0,0)/vmlinuz boot=casper noacpi iso-scan/filename=/Ubuntu10.04.iso ro quiet splash --

label check live-install

initrd (hd0,0)/initrd.lz

 

title 【4】从光盘启动

cdrom --init

map --hook

chainloader (cd0)

boot

 

title 【5】重新启动

reboot

 

title 【6】关闭计算机

halt

----------------------------------------------

 

boot.ini, menu.lst，再把Ubuntu10.04.iso也放在C盘，再把iso内casper文件夹内把initrd.lz和vmlinuz也放在C盘，重启就可选择进入ubuntu，进入后打开终端sudo umount -l /isodevice，桌面就会多一个图标，点击安装即可.

 

1.3 win && ubuntu 双系统卸载

ubuntu安装时把grub安装到/dev/sda1：

/dev/sda1为windowsC盘，这样就把windows启动代码给覆盖，所以安装grub必须要写到/dev/sda

 

方法1：插入windows安装光盘进入控制台修复模式：

fixboot 重新写入分区表到mbr里，记得一定要选择C盘

fixmbr 重新把windows启动代码写到mbr里

exit 退出重启

方法2：插入ubuntu光盘进入急救模式：

grub-install /dev/sda 把grub写到mbr里，必须是/dev/sda，要不然写的就不是第一扇区

 

２．配置ubuntu系统

. sudo update-grub

 

2.1 配置源

. cp /etc/apt/source.list /etc/apt/source.list.bk

-----------------------------------------------------

#台湾源

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 

#网易163更新服务器

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
#ubuntu cn
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu lucid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 

#Archive.ubuntu.com更新服务器（欧洲，此为官方源，电信网通用户使用)

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid-updates main restricted universe multive