Java 7网络编程

网络编程指的是通过网络进行数据操作.既然是网络,就分为客户端和服务器端。常见面试题中有这么一题：C/S 与B/S的区别？

从几个方面：C/S(Client/Server)：此类程序安全，但是维护成本高。B/S(Browser/Server)：维护成本低，只需要维护服务器端即可，客户端不需要做出任何修改。

此类程序使用公共端口，包括公共协议，所以安全性很差。在Android 开发的时候，如果要考虑安全性使用Socket，如果要给予WEB的开发方便使用我

而对于网络的开发在java中分为两种，TCP（传输控制协议）、UDP（数据报协议）。TCP通过握手协议进行可靠的连接，UDP则是不可靠连接。

Java网络编程的全部操作位于Package java.net(该包：Provides the classes for implementing networking applications.）

所有已知接口

Interface	Description
ContentHandlerFactory	This interface defines a factory for content handlers.
CookiePolicy	CookiePolicy implementations decide which cookies should be accepted and which should be rejected.
CookieStore	A CookieStore object represents a storage for cookie.
DatagramSocketImplFactory	This interface defines a factory for datagram socket implementations.
FileNameMap	A simple interface which provides a mechanism to map between a file name and a MIME type string.
ProtocolFamily	Represents a family of communication protocols.
SocketImplFactory	This interface defines a factory for socket implementations.
SocketOption<T>	A socket option associated with a socket.
SocketOptions	Interface of methods to get/set socket options.
URLStreamHandlerFactory	This interface defines a factory for  URL stream protocol handlers.

相关类：

Class	Description
Authenticator	The class Authenticator represents an object that knows how to obtain authentication for a network connection.
CacheRequest	Represents channels for storing resources in the ResponseCache.
CacheResponse	Represent channels for retrieving resources from the ResponseCache.
ContentHandler	The abstract class  ContentHandler is the superclass of all classes that read an  Object from a  URLConnection.
CookieHandler	A CookieHandler object provides a callback mechanism to hook up a HTTP state management policy implementation into the HTTP protocol handler.
CookieManager	CookieManager provides a concrete implementation of  CookieHandler, which separates the storage of cookies from the policy surrounding accepting and rejecting cookies.
DatagramPacket	This class represents a datagram packet.
DatagramSocket	This class represents a socket for sending and receiving datagram packets.
DatagramSocketImpl	Abstract datagram and multicast socket implementation base class.
HttpCookie	An HttpCookie object represents an http cookie, which carries state information between server and user agent.
HttpURLConnection	A URLConnection with support for HTTP-specific features.
IDN	Provides methods to convert internationalized domain names (IDNs) between a normal Unicode representation and an ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) representation.
Inet4Address	This class represents an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address.
Inet6Address	This class represents an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address.
InetAddress	This class represents an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
InetSocketAddress	This class implements an IP Socket Address (IP address + port number) It can also be a pair (hostname + port number), in which case an attempt will be made to resolve the hostname.
InterfaceAddress	This class represents a Network Interface address.
JarURLConnection	A URL Connection to a Java ARchive (JAR) file or an entry in a JAR file.
MulticastSocket	The multicast datagram socket class is useful for sending and receiving IP multicast packets.
NetPermission	This class is for various network permissions.
NetworkInterface	This class represents a Network Interface made up of a name, and a list of IP addresses assigned to this interface.
PasswordAuthentication	The class PasswordAuthentication is a data holder that is used by Authenticator.
Proxy	This class represents a proxy setting, typically a type (http, socks) and a socket address.
ProxySelector	Selects the proxy server to use, if any, when connecting to the network resource referenced by a URL.
ResponseCache	Represents implementations of URLConnection caches.
SecureCacheResponse	Represents a cache response originally retrieved through secure means, such as TLS.
ServerSocket	This class implements server sockets.
Socket	This class implements client sockets (also called just "sockets").
SocketAddress	This class represents a Socket Address with no protocol attachment.
SocketImpl	The abstract class  SocketImpl is a common superclass of all classes that actually implement sockets.
SocketPermission	This class represents access to a network via sockets.
StandardSocketOptions	Defines the  standard socket options.
URI	Represents a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) reference.
URL	Class URL represents a Uniform Resource Locator, a pointer to a "resource" on the World Wide Web.
URLClassLoader	This class loader is used to load classes and resources from a search path of URLs referring to both JAR files and directories.
URLConnection	The abstract class URLConnection is the superclass of all classes that represent a communications link between the application and a URL.
URLDecoder	Utility class for HTML form decoding.
URLEncoder	Utility class for HTML form encoding.
URLStreamHandler	The abstract class  URLStreamHandler is the common superclass for all stream protocol handlers.

terface 

Interface