Android解析XML之DOM

         DOM解析XML文件时，会将XML文件的所有内容读取到内存中，然后允许您使用DOM API遍历XML树、检索所需的数据。使用DOM操作XML的代码看起来比较直观。但是，因为DOM需要将XML文件的所有内容读取到内存中，所以内存的消耗比较大。

        DOM 将 XML 文档作为一个树形结构，而树叶被定义为节点。

     （参见：http://www.w3school.com.cn/xmldom/）

    要解析的xml文件为book.xml，内容如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    <books>  
        <book id="1001">  
            <name>Thinking In Java</name>  
            <price>80.0</price>  
        </book>  
        <book id="1002">  
            <name>Core Java</name>  
            <price>90.0</price>  
        </book>  
        <book id="1003">  
            <name>Hello, Andriod</name>  
            <price>100.0</price>  
        </book>  
    </books>  

最终获得List<Book>对象，以下Book.java的代码：

public class Book {  
    private int id;  
    private String name;  
    private float price;  
  
    public int getId() {  
        return id;  
    }  
  
    public void setId(int id) {  
        this.id = id;  
    }  
  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
  
    public float getPrice() {  
        return price;  
    }  
  
    public void setPrice(float price) {  
        this.price = price;  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public String toString() {  
        return "id:" + id + ", name:" + name + ", price:" + price;  
    }  
}  

使用DOM解析器：

import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.io.StringWriter;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
  
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;  
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;  
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;  
import javax.xml.transform.Result;  
import javax.xml.transform.Source;  
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;  
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;  
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;  
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;  
  
import org.w3c.dom.Document;  
import org.w3c.dom.Element;  
import org.w3c.dom.Node;  
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;  
  
public class DomBookParser {  
  
    public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception {  
        List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>();  
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  //取得DocumentBuilderFactory实例  
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); //从factory获取DocumentBuilder实例  
        Document doc = builder.parse(is);   //解析输入流 得到Document实例  
        Element rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement();  
        NodeList items = rootElement.getElementsByTagName("book");  
        for (int i = 0; i < items.getLength(); i++) {  
            Book book = new Book();  
            Node item = items.item(i);  
            NodeList properties = item.getChildNodes();  
            for (int j = 0; j < properties.getLength(); j++) {  
                Node property = properties.item(j);  
                String nodeName = property.getNodeName();  
                if (nodeName.equals("id")) {  
                    book.setId(Integer.parseInt(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()));  
                } else if (nodeName.equals("name")) {  
                    book.setName(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());  
                } else if (nodeName.equals("price")) {  
                    book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()));  
                }  
            }  
            books.add(book);  
        }  
        return books;  
    }  
    
    public String serialize(List<Book> books) {  
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  
        DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();  
        Document doc = builder.newDocument();   //由builder创建新文档  
  
        Element rootElement = doc.createElement("books");  
  
        for (Book book : books) {  
            Element bookElement = doc.createElement("book");  
            bookElement.setAttribute("id", book.getId() + "");  
  
            Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name");  
            nameElement.setTextContent(book.getName());  
            bookElement.appendChild(nameElement);  
  
            Element priceElement = doc.createElement("price");  
            priceElement.setTextContent(book.getPrice() + "");  
            bookElement.appendChild(priceElement);  
  
            rootElement.appendChild(bookElement);  
        }  
  
        doc.appendChild(rootElement);  
  
        TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();//取得TransformerFactory实例  
        Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();    //从transFactory获取Transformer实例  
        transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");            // 设置输出采用的编码方式  
        transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");                // 是否自动添加额外的空白  
        transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no");   // 是否忽略XML声明  
  
        StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();  
  
        Source source = new DOMSource(doc); //表明文档来源是doc  
        Result result = new StreamResult(writer);//表明目标结果为writer  
        transformer.transform(source, result);  //开始转换  
  
        return writer.toString();  
    }  
  
}