vector＜＞的内存增长的倍数及swap的释放内存

vector当增加元素达到上限的时候，会动态的扩容。以下进行实验（VS2013编辑器）。

（这个扩容，在vs下面的扩容是1.5倍，，在linux gcc下面的扩容应该是2倍的，见下面转载的链接）

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

void printSizeCapacity(vector<int>& ivec)
{
	cout << "size: " << ivec.size() << "\t capacity: " << ivec.capacity() << endl;
}

int main()
{
	vector<int> ivec;

	cout << "\nadd 20 elements step by step" << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
		printSizeCapacity(ivec);
		ivec.push_back(0);
	}
	vector<int>().swap(ivec);    
	printSizeCapacity(ivec);   //可以发现经过上面的swap释放以后，vector<>的capacity占用空间发小为0.
	cout << "\ncall reserve() to make the vector grow to 50 elements" << endl;
	ivec.reserve(50);
	while (ivec.size() != ivec.capacity()) {
		ivec.push_back(0);
	}
	printSizeCapacity(ivec);

	cout << "\nadd 1 element" << endl;
	ivec.push_back(0);
	printSizeCapacity(ivec);

	cout << "\ncall shrink_to_fit()" << endl;
	ivec.shrink_to_fit();
	printSizeCapacity(ivec);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

转载自：https://www.cnblogs.com/nipan/p/4326573.html