多重继承 virtual

虚拟继承可以使继承自自己的class避免重复包含subobject of parent's parent,既包括member data,也包括member function.
如果不使用virtual继承，那在多重继承的时候就会有多份copy在对象中，那调用parnent member function时就不知道调用那一份copy

// multiBaseClassTest.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #include "stdafx.h" using namespace std; class Stuff { public: Stuff(string &name): _name(name) { cout << "Stuff::Stuff(string &name)" << endl; } ~Stuff(){ cout << "Stuff::~Stuff()" << endl; } string& get_name(void) { cout << "Stuff::get_name()" << endl; return _name; } string set_name(string &name) { cout << "Stuff::set_name()" << endl; _name = name; } private: string _name; }; class Car : virtual public Stuff { public: Car(string &name):Stuff(name) { cout << "Car::Car(string &name)" << endl; _tyre = "tyre4"; } ~Car() {cout << "Car::~Car()" << endl;} string get_special(void ){ cout << "Car::get_special()" << endl; return _tyre;} private: string _tyre; }; class Ship : virtual public Stuff { public: Ship(string &name):Stuff(name) {cout << "Ship::Ship(string &name)" << endl; _quant = "quant2"; } ~Ship(){cout << "Ship::~Ship()" << endl;} string get_special(void ){ cout << "Ship::get_special()" << endl; return _quant;} private: string _quant; }; class ShipCar : public Ship, public Car { public: ShipCar(string &name):Stuff(name), Ship(name), Car(name) {cout << "ShipCar::ShipCar(string &name)" << endl;} ~ShipCar(){cout << "ShipCar::~ShipCar()" << endl;} string get_special(void){ return Ship::get_special().append(Car::get_special()); } }; void Test1(void) { string name = "car1"; Car car1(name); car1.get_name(); } void Test2(void) { string name = "ship1"; Ship ship1(name); } void Test3(void) { string name = "shipcar1"; ShipCar shipcar1(name); shipcar1.get_name(); shipcar1.get_special(); } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { Test1(); cout << endl; Test2(); cout << endl; Test3(); return 0; }