Spring 如何将无法使用new操作符新建的对象作为spring的bean （使用FactoryBean接口）

当你无法使用new操作符来新建类对象，但又想将他们作为Spring的bean来使用时，FactoryBean是一个完美的解决方案。 

FactoryBean接口声明了3个方法：getObject、getObjectType和isSingleton。 
getObject：方法获取由FactoryBean创建的对象。这是一个真正被传给其他使用FactoryBean作为协作者的bean的对象。 
getObjectType： 告诉Spring你的FactoryBean将返回什么类型的对象。如果事先不知道返回什么类型，将返回null。 
isSingleton：告诉Spring，正在被Spring管理的是否为单例实例。 

例子：

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1. public class MessageDigestFactoryBean implements FactoryBean, InitializingBean {  
2.     private static final String DEFAULT_ALGORITHM = "MD5";  
3.       
4.     private String algorithm = DEFAULT_ALGORITHM;  
5.     private MessageDigest messageDigest;  
6.       
7.     public Object getObject() throws Exception {  
8.         return this.messageDigest.clone();  
9.     }  
10.   
11.     public Class getObjectType() {  
12.         return MessageDigest.class;  
13.     }  
14.   
15.     public boolean isSingleton() {  
16.         return true;  
17.     }  
18.   
19.     public void setAlgorithm(String algorithm) {  
20.         this.algorithm = algorithm;  
21.     }  
22.   
23.     public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {  
24.         this.messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance(this.algorithm);  
25.     }  
26. }  

配置：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.        xsi:schemaLocation="  
5.                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
6.                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">  
7.   
8.     <bean id="sha" class="com.apress.prospring2.ch04.factoy.MessageDigestFactoryBean">  
9.         <property name="algorithm" value="SHA1"/>  
10.     </bean>  
11.   
12.     <bean id="md5" class="com.apress.prospring2.ch04.factoy.MessageDigestFactoryBean"/>  
13.       
14. </beans>  

调用：

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1. public class MessageDigestDemo {  
2.   
3.     public static void main(String[] args) {  
4.         XmlBeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(  
5.                 new ClassPathResource("/META-INF/spring/factorydemo-context.xml")  
6.         );  
7.         MessageDigest d1 = (MessageDigest)factory.getBean("sha");  
8.         MessageDigest d2 = (MessageDigest)factory.getBean("md5");  
9.         calculateDigest("Hello, world", d1);  
10.         calculateDigest("Hello, world", d2);  
11.     }  
12.   
13.     private static void calculateDigest(String message, MessageDigest digest) {  
14.         System.out.print("Digest using " + digest.getAlgorithm() + ": ");  
15.         digest.reset();  
16.         final byte[] bytes = digest.digest(message.getBytes());  
17.         for (byte b : bytes) {  
18.             System.out.print(String.format("%02x", b));  
19.         }  
20.         System.out.println("");  
21.     }  
22.   
23. }  

直接访问FactoryBean： 
在调用getBean时在bean名字前面添加一个“&”作为前缀就可以获取FactoryBean。 

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1. XmlBeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(  
2.         new ClassPathResource("/META-INF/spring/factorydemo-context.xml")  
3. );  
4. MessageDigestFactoryBean factoryBean = (MessageDigestFactoryBean)factory.getBean("&sha");  
5. MessageDigest d1 = (MessageDigest)factory.getBean("sha");  
6. MessageDigest d2 = (MessageDigest)factoryBean.getObject();  
7. System.out.println("Equal MessageDigests created? "  
8.         + (d1.getAlgorithm().equals(d2.getAlgorithm())));