[转]Android中解析XML

原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/liuhe688/article/details/6415593

 

XML在各种开发中都广泛应用，Android也不例外。作为承载数据的一个重要角色，如何读写XML成为Android开发中一项重要的技能。今天就由我向大家介绍一下在Android平台下几种常见的XML解析和创建的方法。

在Android中，常见的XML解析器分别为SAX解析器、DOM解析器和PULL解析器，下面，我将一一向大家详细介绍。

SAX解析器：

SAX(Simple API for XML)解析器是一种基于事件的解析器，它的核心是事件处理模式，主要是围绕着事件源以及事件处理器来工作的。当事件源产生事件后，调用事件处理器相应的处理方法，一个事件就可以得到处理。在事件源调用事件处理器中特定方法的时候，还要传递给事件处理器相应事件的状态信息，这样事件处理器才能够根据提供的事件信息来决定自己的行为。

SAX解析器的优点是解析速度快，占用内存少。非常适合在Android移动设备中使用。

DOM解析器：

DOM是基于树形结构的的节点或信息片段的集合，允许开发人员使用DOM API遍历XML树、检索所需数据。分析该结构通常需要加载整个文档和构造树形结构，然后才可以检索和更新节点信息。

由于DOM在内存中以树形结构存放，因此检索和更新效率会更高。但是对于特别大的文档，解析和加载整个文档将会很耗资源。

PULL解析器：

PULL解析器的运行方式和SAX类似，都是基于事件的模式。不同的是，在PULL解析过程中，我们需要自己获取产生的事件然后做相应的操作，而不像SAX那样由处理器触发一种事件的方法，执行我们的代码。PULL解析器小巧轻便，解析速度快，简单易用，非常适合在Android移动设备中使用，Android系统内部在解析各种XML时也是用PULL解析器。

以上三种解析器，都是非常实用的解析器，我将会一一介绍。我们将会使用这三种解析技术完成一项共同的任务。

我们新建一个项目，项目结构如下：

我会在项目的assets目录中放置一个XML文档books.xml，内容如下：

[xhtml] view plain copy print ?

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
2. <books> 
3.     <book> 
4.         <id>1001</id> 
5.         <name>Thinking In Java</name> 
6.         <price>80.00</price> 
7.     </book> 
8.     <book> 
9.         <id>1002</id> 
10.         <name>Core Java</name> 
11.         <price>90.00</price> 
12.     </book> 
13.     <book> 
14.         <id>1003</id> 
15.         <name>Hello, Andriod</name> 
16.         <price>100.00</price> 
17.     </book> 
18. </books> 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <books> <book> <id>1001</id> <name>Thinking In Java</name> <price>80.00</price> </book> <book> <id>1002</id> <name>Core Java</name> <price>90.00</price> </book> <book> <id>1003</id> <name>Hello, Andriod</name> <price>100.00</price> </book> </books>

然后我们分别使用以上三种解析技术解析文档，得到一个List<Book>的对象，先来看一下Book.java的代码：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml.model; 
2.  
3. public class Book { 
4.     private int id; 
5.     private String name; 
6.     private float price; 
7.      
8.     public int getId() { 
9.         return id; 
10.     } 
11.  
12.     public void setId(int id) { 
13.         this.id = id; 
14.     } 
15.  
16.     public String getName() { 
17.         return name; 
18.     } 
19.  
20.     public void setName(String name) { 
21.         this.name = name; 
22.     } 
23.  
24.     public float getPrice() { 
25.         return price; 
26.     } 
27.  
28.     public void setPrice(float price) { 
29.         this.price = price; 
30.     } 
31.  
32.     @Override 
33.     public String toString() { 
34.         return "id:" + id + ", name:" + name + ", price:" + price; 
35.     } 
36. } 

package com.scott.xml.model; public class Book { private int id; private String name; private float price; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public float getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(float price) { this.price = price; } @Override public String toString() { return "id:" + id + ", name:" + name + ", price:" + price; } }

最后，我们还要把这个集合对象中的数据生成一个新的XML文档，如图：

生成的XML结构跟原始文档略有不同，是下面这种格式：

[xhtml] view plain copy print ?

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
2. <books> 
3.   <book id="1001"> 
4.     <name>Thinking In Java</name> 
5.     <price>80.0</price> 
6.   </book> 
7.   <book id="1002"> 
8.     <name>Core Java</name> 
9.     <price>90.0</price> 
10.   </book> 
11.   <book id="1003"> 
12.     <name>Hello, Andriod</name> 
13.     <price>100.0</price> 
14.   </book> 
15. </books> 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <books> <book id="1001"> <name>Thinking In Java</name> <price>80.0</price> </book> <book id="1002"> <name>Core Java</name> <price>90.0</price> </book> <book id="1003"> <name>Hello, Andriod</name> <price>100.0</price> </book> </books>

接下来，就该介绍操作过程了，我们先为解析器定义一个BookParser接口，每种类型的解析器需要实现此接口。BookParser.java代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml.parser; 
2.  
3. import java.io.InputStream; 
4. import java.util.List; 
5.  
6. import com.scott.xml.model.Book; 
7.  
8. public interface BookParser { 
9.     /**
10.      * 解析输入流 得到Book对象集合
11.      * @param is
12.      * @return
13.      * @throws Exception
14.      */ 
15.     public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception; 
16.      
17.     /**
18.      * 序列化Book对象集合 得到XML形式的字符串
19.      * @param books
20.      * @return
21.      * @throws Exception
22.      */ 
23.     public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception; 
24. } 

package com.scott.xml.parser; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; import com.scott.xml.model.Book; public interface BookParser { /** * 解析输入流 得到Book对象集合 * @param is * @return * @throws Exception */ public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception; /** * 序列化Book对象集合 得到XML形式的字符串 * @param books * @return * @throws Exception */ public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception; }

好了，我们就该一个一个的实现该接口，完成我们的解析过程。

使用SAX解析器：

SaxBookParser.java代码如下：

[c-sharp] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml.parser; 
2.  
3. import java.io.InputStream; 
4. import java.io.StringWriter; 
5. import java.util.ArrayList; 
6. import java.util.List; 
7.  
8. import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; 
9. import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; 
10. import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; 
11. import javax.xml.transform.Result; 
12. import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; 
13. import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; 
14. import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory; 
15. import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler; 
16. import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; 
17.  
18. import org.xml.sax.Attributes; 
19. import org.xml.sax.SAXException; 
20. import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl; 
21. import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; 
22.  
23. import com.scott.xml.model.Book; 
24.  
25. public class SaxBookParser implements BookParser { 
26.      
27.     @Override 
28.     public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { 
29.         SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();  //取得SAXParserFactory实例 
30.         SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();                  //从factory获取SAXParser实例 
31.         MyHandler handler = new MyHandler();                        //实例化自定义Handler 
32.         parser.parse(is, handler);                                  //根据自定义Handler规则解析输入流 
33.         return handler.getBooks(); 
34.     } 
35.  
36.     @Override 
37.     public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { 
38.         SAXTransformerFactory factory = (SAXTransformerFactory) TransformerFactory.newInstance();//取得SAXTransformerFactory实例 
39.         TransformerHandler handler = factory.newTransformerHandler();           //从factory获取TransformerHandler实例 
40.         Transformer transformer = handler.getTransformer();                     //从handler获取Transformer实例 
41.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");            // 设置输出采用的编码方式 
42.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");                // 是否自动添加额外的空白 
43.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no");   // 是否忽略XML声明 
44.          
45.         StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); 
46.         Result result = new StreamResult(writer); 
47.         handler.setResult(result); 
48.          
49.         String uri = "";    //代表命名空间的URI 当URI无值时 须置为空字符串 
50.         String localName = "";  //命名空间的本地名称(不包含前缀) 当没有进行命名空间处理时 须置为空字符串 
51.          
52.         handler.startDocument(); 
53.         handler.startElement(uri, localName, "books", null); 
54.          
55.         AttributesImpl attrs = new AttributesImpl();    //负责存放元素的属性信息 
56.         char[] ch = null; 
57.         for (Book book : books) { 
58.             attrs.clear();  //清空属性列表 
59.             attrs.addAttribute(uri, localName, "id", "string", String.valueOf(book.getId()));//添加一个名为id的属性(type影响不大,这里设为string) 
60.             handler.startElement(uri, localName, "book", attrs);    //开始一个book元素 关联上面设定的id属性 
61.              
62.             handler.startElement(uri, localName, "name", null); //开始一个name元素 没有属性 
63.             ch = String.valueOf(book.getName()).toCharArray(); 
64.             handler.characters(ch, 0, ch.length);   //设置name元素的文本节点 
65.             handler.endElement(uri, localName, "name"); 
66.              
67.             handler.startElement(uri, localName, "price", null);//开始一个price元素 没有属性 
68.             ch = String.valueOf(book.getPrice()).toCharArray(); 
69.             handler.characters(ch, 0, ch.length);   //设置price元素的文本节点 
70.             handler.endElement(uri, localName, "price"); 
71.              
72.             handler.endElement(uri, localName, "book"); 
73.         } 
74.         handler.endElement(uri, localName, "books"); 
75.         handler.endDocument(); 
76.          
77.         return writer.toString(); 
78.     } 
79.      
80.     //需要重写DefaultHandler的方法 
81.     private class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler { 
82.  
83.         private List<Book> books; 
84.         private Book book; 
85.         private StringBuilder builder; 
86.          
87.         //返回解析后得到的Book对象集合 
88.         public List<Book> getBooks() { 
89.             return books; 
90.         } 
91.          
92.         @Override 
93.         public void startDocument() throws SAXException { 
94.             super.startDocument(); 
95.             books = new ArrayList<Book>(); 
96.             builder = new StringBuilder(); 
97.         } 
98.  
99.         @Override 
100.         public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { 
101.             super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes); 
102.             if (localName.equals("book")) { 
103.                 book = new Book(); 
104.             } 
105.             builder.setLength(0);   //将字符长度设置为0 以便重新开始读取元素内的字符节点 
106.         } 
107.          
108.         @Override 
109.         public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException { 
110.             super.characters(ch, start, length); 
111.             builder.append(ch, start, length);  //将读取的字符数组追加到builder中 
112.         } 
113.          
114.         @Override 
115.         public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { 
116.             super.endElement(uri, localName, qName); 
117.             if (localName.equals("id")) { 
118.                 book.setId(Integer.parseInt(builder.toString())); 
119.             } else if (localName.equals("name")) { 
120.                 book.setName(builder.toString()); 
121.             } else if (localName.equals("price")) { 
122.                 book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(builder.toString())); 
123.             } else if (localName.equals("book")) { 
124.                 books.add(book); 
125.             } 
126.         } 
127.     } 
128. } 

package com.scott.xml.parser; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; import javax.xml.transform.Result; import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory; import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler; import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; import com.scott.xml.model.Book; public class SaxBookParser implements BookParser { @Override public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); //取得SAXParserFactory实例 SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser(); //从factory获取SAXParser实例 MyHandler handler = new MyHandler(); //实例化自定义Handler parser.parse(is, handler); //根据自定义Handler规则解析输入流 return handler.getBooks(); } @Override public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { SAXTransformerFactory factory = (SAXTransformerFactory) TransformerFactory.newInstance();//取得SAXTransformerFactory实例 TransformerHandler handler = factory.newTransformerHandler(); //从factory获取TransformerHandler实例 Transformer transformer = handler.getTransformer(); //从handler获取Transformer实例 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); // 设置输出采用的编码方式 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); // 是否自动添加额外的空白 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no"); // 是否忽略XML声明 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); Result result = new StreamResult(writer); handler.setResult(result); String uri = ""; //代表命名空间的URI 当URI无值时 须置为空字符串 String localName = ""; //命名空间的本地名称(不包含前缀) 当没有进行命名空间处理时 须置为空字符串 handler.startDocument(); handler.startElement(uri, localName, "books", null); AttributesImpl attrs = new AttributesImpl(); //负责存放元素的属性信息 char[] ch = null; for (Book book : books) { attrs.clear(); //清空属性列表 attrs.addAttribute(uri, localName, "id", "string", String.valueOf(book.getId()));//添加一个名为id的属性(type影响不大,这里设为string) handler.startElement(uri, localName, "book", attrs); //开始一个book元素 关联上面设定的id属性 handler.startElement(uri, localName, "name", null); //开始一个name元素 没有属性 ch = String.valueOf(book.getName()).toCharArray(); handler.characters(ch, 0, ch.length); //设置name元素的文本节点 handler.endElement(uri, localName, "name"); handler.startElement(uri, localName, "price", null);//开始一个price元素 没有属性 ch = String.valueOf(book.getPrice()).toCharArray(); handler.characters(ch, 0, ch.length); //设置price元素的文本节点 handler.endElement(uri, localName, "price"); handler.endElement(uri, localName, "book"); } handler.endElement(uri, localName, "books"); handler.endDocument(); return writer.toString(); } //需要重写DefaultHandler的方法 private class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler { private List<Book> books; private Book book; private StringBuilder builder; //返回解析后得到的Book对象集合 public List<Book> getBooks() { return books; } @Override public void startDocument() throws SAXException { super.startDocument(); books = new ArrayList<Book>(); builder = new StringBuilder(); } @Override public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException { super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes); if (localName.equals("book")) { book = new Book(); } builder.setLength(0); //将字符长度设置为0 以便重新开始读取元素内的字符节点 } @Override public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException { super.characters(ch, start, length); builder.append(ch, start, length); //将读取的字符数组追加到builder中 } @Override public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException { super.endElement(uri, localName, qName); if (localName.equals("id")) { book.setId(Integer.parseInt(builder.toString())); } else if (localName.equals("name")) { book.setName(builder.toString()); } else if (localName.equals("price")) { book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(builder.toString())); } else if (localName.equals("book")) { books.add(book); } } } }

代码中，我们定义了自己的事件处理逻辑，重写了DefaultHandler的几个重要的事件方法。下面我为大家着重介绍一下DefaultHandler的相关知识。DefaultHandler是一个事件处理器，可以接收解析器报告的所有事件，处理所发现的数据。它实现了EntityResolver接口、DTDHandler接口、ErrorHandler接口和ContentHandler接口。这几个接口代表不同类型的事件处理器。我们着重介绍一下ContentHandler接口。结构如图：

这几个比较重要的方法已被我用红线标注，DefaultHandler实现了这些方法，但在方法体内没有做任何事情，因此我们在使用时必须覆写相关的方法。最重要的是startElement方法、characters方法和endElement方法。当执行文档时遇到起始节点，startElement方法将会被调用，我们可以获取起始节点相关信息；然后characters方法被调用，我们可以获取节点内的文本信息；最后endElement方法被调用，我们可以做收尾的相关操作。

最后，我们需要调用SAX解析程序，这个步骤在MainActivity中完成：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml; 
2.  
3. import java.io.FileOutputStream; 
4. import java.io.InputStream; 
5. import java.util.List; 
6.  
7. import android.app.Activity; 
8. import android.content.Context; 
9. import android.os.Bundle; 
10. import android.util.Log; 
11. import android.view.View; 
12. import android.widget.Button; 
13.  
14. import com.scott.xml.model.Book; 
15. import com.scott.xml.parser.BookParser; 
16. import com.scott.xml.parser.SaxBookParser; 
17.  
18. public class MainActivity extends Activity { 
19.      
20.     private static final String TAG = "XML"; 
21.      
22.     private BookParser parser; 
23.     private List<Book> books; 
24.      
25.     @Override 
26.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 
27.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 
28.         setContentView(R.layout.main); 
29.          
30.         Button readBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.readBtn); 
31.         Button writeBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.writeBtn); 
32.          
33.         readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
34.             @Override 
35.             public void onClick(View v) { 
36.                 try { 
37.                     InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); 
38.                     parser = new SaxBookParser();  //创建SaxBookParser实例 
39.                     books = parser.parse(is);  //解析输入流 
40.                     for (Book book : books) { 
41.                         Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); 
42.                     } 
43.                 } catch (Exception e) { 
44.                     Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); 
45.                 } 
46.             } 
47.         }); 
48.         writeBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
49.             @Override 
50.             public void onClick(View v) { 
51.                 try { 
52.                     String xml = parser.serialize(books);  //序列化 
53.                     FileOutputStream fos = openFileOutput("books.xml", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); 
54.                     fos.write(xml.getBytes("UTF-8")); 
55.                 } catch (Exception e) { 
56.                     Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); 
57.                 } 
58.             } 
59.         }); 
60.     } 
61. } 

package com.scott.xml; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import com.scott.xml.model.Book; import com.scott.xml.parser.BookParser; import com.scott.xml.parser.SaxBookParser; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private static final String TAG = "XML"; private BookParser parser; private List<Book> books; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Button readBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.readBtn); Button writeBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.writeBtn); readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); parser = new SaxBookParser(); //创建SaxBookParser实例 books = parser.parse(is); //解析输入流 for (Book book : books) { Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); } } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } } }); writeBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { String xml = parser.serialize(books); //序列化 FileOutputStream fos = openFileOutput("books.xml", Context.MODE_PRIVATE); fos.write(xml.getBytes("UTF-8")); } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } } }); } }

界面就两个按钮，顺便给大家贴上：

点击“readXML”按钮，将会调用SAX解析器解析文档，并在日志台打印相关信息：

然后再点击“writeXML”按钮，将会在该应用包下的files目录生成一个books.xml文件：

使用DOM解析器：

DomBookParser.java代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml.parser; 
2.  
3. import java.io.InputStream; 
4. import java.io.StringWriter; 
5. import java.util.ArrayList; 
6. import java.util.List; 
7.  
8. import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; 
9. import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; 
10. import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; 
11. import javax.xml.transform.Result; 
12. import javax.xml.transform.Source; 
13. import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; 
14. import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; 
15. import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; 
16. import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; 
17.  
18. import org.w3c.dom.Document; 
19. import org.w3c.dom.Element; 
20. import org.w3c.dom.Node; 
21. import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; 
22.  
23. import com.scott.xml.model.Book; 
24.  
25. public class DomBookParser implements BookParser { 
26.  
27.     @Override 
28.     public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { 
29.         List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>(); 
30.         DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();  //取得DocumentBuilderFactory实例 
31.         DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); //从factory获取DocumentBuilder实例 
32.         Document doc = builder.parse(is);   //解析输入流 得到Document实例 
33.         Element rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement(); 
34.         NodeList items = rootElement.getElementsByTagName("book"); 
35.         for (int i = 0; i < items.getLength(); i++) { 
36.             Book book = new Book(); 
37.             Node item = items.item(i); 
38.             NodeList properties = item.getChildNodes(); 
39.             for (int j = 0; j < properties.getLength(); j++) { 
40.                 Node property = properties.item(j); 
41.                 String nodeName = property.getNodeName(); 
42.                 if (nodeName.equals("id")) { 
43.                     book.setId(Integer.parseInt(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue())); 
44.                 } else if (nodeName.equals("name")) { 
45.                     book.setName(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); 
46.                 } else if (nodeName.equals("price")) { 
47.                     book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue())); 
48.                 } 
49.             } 
50.             books.add(book); 
51.         } 
52.         return books; 
53.     } 
54.  
55.     @Override 
56.     public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { 
57.         DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); 
58.         DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); 
59.         Document doc = builder.newDocument();   //由builder创建新文档 
60.          
61.         Element rootElement = doc.createElement("books"); 
62.  
63.         for (Book book : books) { 
64.             Element bookElement = doc.createElement("book"); 
65.             bookElement.setAttribute("id", book.getId() + ""); 
66.              
67.             Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name"); 
68.             nameElement.setTextContent(book.getName()); 
69.             bookElement.appendChild(nameElement); 
70.              
71.             Element priceElement = doc.createElement("price"); 
72.             priceElement.setTextContent(book.getPrice() + ""); 
73.             bookElement.appendChild(priceElement); 
74.              
75.             rootElement.appendChild(bookElement); 
76.         } 
77.          
78.         doc.appendChild(rootElement); 
79.          
80.         TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();//取得TransformerFactory实例 
81.         Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();    //从transFactory获取Transformer实例 
82.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");            // 设置输出采用的编码方式 
83.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");                // 是否自动添加额外的空白 
84.         transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no");   // 是否忽略XML声明 
85.          
86.         StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); 
87.          
88.         Source source = new DOMSource(doc); //表明文档来源是doc 
89.         Result result = new StreamResult(writer);//表明目标结果为writer 
90.         transformer.transform(source, result);  //开始转换 
91.          
92.         return writer.toString(); 
93.     } 
94.  
95. } 

package com.scott.xml.parser; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys; import javax.xml.transform.Result; import javax.xml.transform.Source; import javax.xml.transform.Transformer; import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory; import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource; import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import com.scott.xml.model.Book; public class DomBookParser implements BookParser { @Override public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { List<Book> books = new ArrayList<Book>(); DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); //取得DocumentBuilderFactory实例 DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); //从factory获取DocumentBuilder实例 Document doc = builder.parse(is); //解析输入流 得到Document实例 Element rootElement = doc.getDocumentElement(); NodeList items = rootElement.getElementsByTagName("book"); for (int i = 0; i < items.getLength(); i++) { Book book = new Book(); Node item = items.item(i); NodeList properties = item.getChildNodes(); for (int j = 0; j < properties.getLength(); j++) { Node property = properties.item(j); String nodeName = property.getNodeName(); if (nodeName.equals("id")) { book.setId(Integer.parseInt(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue())); } else if (nodeName.equals("name")) { book.setName(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue()); } else if (nodeName.equals("price")) { book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(property.getFirstChild().getNodeValue())); } } books.add(book); } return books; } @Override public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance(); DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder(); Document doc = builder.newDocument(); //由builder创建新文档 Element rootElement = doc.createElement("books"); for (Book book : books) { Element bookElement = doc.createElement("book"); bookElement.setAttribute("id", book.getId() + ""); Element nameElement = doc.createElement("name"); nameElement.setTextContent(book.getName()); bookElement.appendChild(nameElement); Element priceElement = doc.createElement("price"); priceElement.setTextContent(book.getPrice() + ""); bookElement.appendChild(priceElement); rootElement.appendChild(bookElement); } doc.appendChild(rootElement); TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();//取得TransformerFactory实例 Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer(); //从transFactory获取Transformer实例 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8"); // 设置输出采用的编码方式 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); // 是否自动添加额外的空白 transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no"); // 是否忽略XML声明 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); Source source = new DOMSource(doc); //表明文档来源是doc Result result = new StreamResult(writer);//表明目标结果为writer transformer.transform(source, result); //开始转换 return writer.toString(); } }

然后再MainActivity中只需改一个地方：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1.      readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
2. @Override 
3. public void onClick(View v) { 
4.     try { 
5.         InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); 
6. //             parser = new SaxBookParser(); 
7.         parser = new DomBookParser(); 
8.         books = parser.parse(is); 
9.         for (Book book : books) { 
10.             Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); 
11.         } 
12.     } catch (Exception e) { 
13.         Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); 
14.     } 
15. } 
16. ); 

readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); // parser = new SaxBookParser(); parser = new DomBookParser(); books = parser.parse(is); for (Book book : books) { Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); } } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } } });

执行结果是一样的。

使用PULL解析器：

PullBookParser.java代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.scott.xml.parser; 
2.  
3. import java.io.InputStream; 
4. import java.io.StringWriter; 
5. import java.util.ArrayList; 
6. import java.util.List; 
7.  
8. import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser; 
9. import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer; 
10.  
11. import android.util.Xml; 
12.  
13. import com.scott.xml.model.Book; 
14.  
15. public class PullBookParser implements BookParser { 
16.      
17.     @Override 
18.     public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { 
19.         List<Book> books = null; 
20.         Book book = null; 
21.          
22. //      XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); 
23. //      XmlPullParser parser = factory.newPullParser(); 
24.          
25.         XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser(); //由android.util.Xml创建一个XmlPullParser实例 
26.         parser.setInput(is, "UTF-8");               //设置输入流 并指明编码方式 
27.  
28.         int eventType = parser.getEventType(); 
29.         while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { 
30.             switch (eventType) { 
31.             case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT: 
32.                 books = new ArrayList<Book>(); 
33.                 break; 
34.             case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: 
35.                 if (parser.getName().equals("book")) { 
36.                     book = new Book(); 
37.                 } else if (parser.getName().equals("id")) { 
38.                     eventType = parser.next(); 
39.                     book.setId(Integer.parseInt(parser.getText())); 
40.                 } else if (parser.getName().equals("name")) { 
41.                     eventType = parser.next(); 
42.                     book.setName(parser.getText()); 
43.                 } else if (parser.getName().equals("price")) { 
44.                     eventType = parser.next(); 
45.                     book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(parser.getText())); 
46.                 } 
47.                 break; 
48.             case XmlPullParser.END_TAG: 
49.                 if (parser.getName().equals("book")) { 
50.                     books.add(book); 
51.                     book = null;     
52.                 } 
53.                 break; 
54.             } 
55.             eventType = parser.next(); 
56.         } 
57.         return books; 
58.     } 
59.      
60.     @Override 
61.     public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { 
62. //      XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); 
63. //      XmlSerializer serializer = factory.newSerializer(); 
64.          
65.         XmlSerializer serializer = Xml.newSerializer(); //由android.util.Xml创建一个XmlSerializer实例 
66.         StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); 
67.         serializer.setOutput(writer);   //设置输出方向为writer 
68.         serializer.startDocument("UTF-8", true); 
69.         serializer.startTag("", "books"); 
70.         for (Book book : books) { 
71.             serializer.startTag("", "book"); 
72.             serializer.attribute("", "id", book.getId() + ""); 
73.              
74.             serializer.startTag("", "name"); 
75.             serializer.text(book.getName()); 
76.             serializer.endTag("", "name"); 
77.              
78.             serializer.startTag("", "price"); 
79.             serializer.text(book.getPrice() + ""); 
80.             serializer.endTag("", "price"); 
81.              
82.             serializer.endTag("", "book"); 
83.         } 
84.         serializer.endTag("", "books"); 
85.         serializer.endDocument(); 
86.          
87.         return writer.toString(); 
88.     } 
89. } 

package com.scott.xml.parser; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.StringWriter; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser; import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer; import android.util.Xml; import com.scott.xml.model.Book; public class PullBookParser implements BookParser { @Override public List<Book> parse(InputStream is) throws Exception { List<Book> books = null; Book book = null; // XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); // XmlPullParser parser = factory.newPullParser(); XmlPullParser parser = Xml.newPullParser(); //由android.util.Xml创建一个XmlPullParser实例 parser.setInput(is, "UTF-8"); //设置输入流 并指明编码方式 int eventType = parser.getEventType(); while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) { switch (eventType) { case XmlPullParser.START_DOCUMENT: books = new ArrayList<Book>(); break; case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: if (parser.getName().equals("book")) { book = new Book(); } else if (parser.getName().equals("id")) { eventType = parser.next(); book.setId(Integer.parseInt(parser.getText())); } else if (parser.getName().equals("name")) { eventType = parser.next(); book.setName(parser.getText()); } else if (parser.getName().equals("price")) { eventType = parser.next(); book.setPrice(Float.parseFloat(parser.getText())); } break; case XmlPullParser.END_TAG: if (parser.getName().equals("book")) { books.add(book); book = null; } break; } eventType = parser.next(); } return books; } @Override public String serialize(List<Book> books) throws Exception { // XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance(); // XmlSerializer serializer = factory.newSerializer(); XmlSerializer serializer = Xml.newSerializer(); //由android.util.Xml创建一个XmlSerializer实例 StringWriter writer = new StringWriter(); serializer.setOutput(writer); //设置输出方向为writer serializer.startDocument("UTF-8", true); serializer.startTag("", "books"); for (Book book : books) { serializer.startTag("", "book"); serializer.attribute("", "id", book.getId() + ""); serializer.startTag("", "name"); serializer.text(book.getName()); serializer.endTag("", "name"); serializer.startTag("", "price"); serializer.text(book.getPrice() + ""); serializer.endTag("", "price"); serializer.endTag("", "book"); } serializer.endTag("", "books"); serializer.endDocument(); return writer.toString(); } }

然后再对MainActivity做以下更改：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1.         readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { 
2.             @Override 
3.             public void onClick(View v) { 
4.                 try { 
5.                     InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); 
6. //                  parser = new SaxBookParser(); 
7. //                  parser = new DomBookParser(); 
8.                     parser = new PullBookParser(); 
9.                     books = parser.parse(is); 
10.                     for (Book book : books) { 
11.                         Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); 
12.                     } 
13.                 } catch (Exception e) { 
14.                     Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); 
15.                 } 
16.             } 
17.         }); 

readBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { try { InputStream is = getAssets().open("books.xml"); // parser = new SaxBookParser(); // parser = new DomBookParser(); parser = new PullBookParser(); books = parser.parse(is); for (Book book : books) { Log.i(TAG, book.toString()); } } catch (Exception e) { Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage()); } } });

和其他两个执行结果都一样。

对于这三种解析器各有优点，我个人比较倾向于PULL解析器，因为SAX解析器操作起来太笨重，DOM不适合文档较大，内存较小的场景，唯有PULL轻巧灵活，速度快，占用内存小，使用非常顺手。读者也可以根据自己的喜好选择相应的解析技术。