转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/moonsheep_liu/article/details/6683190
在Spring框架中使用JMS传递消息有两种方式:JMS template和message listener container,前者用于同步收发消息,后者用于异步收发消息。
本文主要讲述用JMS template同步收发消息。
1. JMS template综述
使用JmsTemplate收发消息可以显著减少开发的精力投入。使用JmsTemplate时,不需要费心考虑连接到JMS provider(如ActiveMQ),建立JMS Session(如QueueSession),建立消息生产者(如QueueSender),甚至不用新建一个JMS消息(如TextMessage)。JmsTemplate能够自动将各种类型如String、Byte[]等转换为响应的JMS消息对象类型,当然也可以自己写Converter转换复杂的消息。
JmsTemplate常用的方法有send、convertAndSend、receive和convertAndReceive。
2. 详细步骤
下面通过一个例子详细讲解使用JmsTemplate同步收发消息。
(1) 环境
JMS1.1;apache-activemq-5.4.0;Spring-2.5.4;JDK-1.5;myeclipse7.5
(2) 源代码(Java Project)
i) 结构
ii) 源代码
jndi.properties:
java.naming.factory.initial = org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory java.naming.provider.url = tcp://localhost:61616 java.naming.security.principal=system java.naming.security.credentials=manager connectionFactoryNames = QueueCF queue.queue1 = jms.queue1
app-context.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans spring-beans-2.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="jndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate"> <property name="environment"> <props> <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial"> org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory</prop> <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">tcp://localhost:61616</prop> <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">system</prop> <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">manager</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="jndiQueueConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiTemplate" ref="jndiTemplate"/> <property name="jndiName" value="QueueCF"/> </bean> <bean id="queueConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory"> <property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="jndiQueueConnectionFactory"/> <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="1"/> </bean> <bean id="queueDestination" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiTemplate" ref="jndiTemplate"/> <property name="jndiName" value="queue1"/> </bean> <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="queueConnectionFactory"/> <property name="defaultDestinationName" value="queue1"/> <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false"/> </bean> <bean id="jmsSender" class="com.jms.client.JMSSender"> <property name="jmsTemplate" ref="jmsTemplate"/> <property name="queueName" value="queue1"/> </bean> </beans>
JMSReceiverSync.java:
package com.jms.server;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
public class JMSReceiverSync {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ApplicationContext ctx =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("app-context.xml");
JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate)ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
int counter = 0;
while(counter < 10) {
Object msg = jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();
if (msg instanceof String) {
System.out.println("Received: " + msg);
}
counter++;
}
System.exit(0);
} catch (Exception up) {
up.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
JMSSender.java:
package com.jms.client;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
public class JMSSender {
public void sendMessage() throws Exception {
MessageCreator msg = new MessageCreator() {
public Message createMessage(Session session)throws JMSException {
TextMessage msg = session.createTextMessage("TEST 1");
return msg;
}
};
jmsTemplate.send(queueName, msg);
System.out.println("Message Sent...");
}
public JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = null;
public String queueName = null;
public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) {
this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate;
}
public void setQueueName(String queueName) {
this.queueName = queueName;
}
}
JMSSenderApp.java:
package com.jms.client;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class JMSSenderApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ApplicationContext ctx =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("app-context.xml");
JMSSender jmsSender = (JMSSender)ctx.getBean("jmsSender");
jmsSender.sendMessage();
System.exit(0);
} catch (Exception exception) {
exception.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
(3) 说明
可以看到,用JmsTemplate收发消息非常简单,因为JmsTemplate几乎帮我们做了大多数的工作,相关关系如下图所示(可结合app-context.xml理解):
步骤与不使用Spring相似,只是都是通过配置完成的。
3. 疑惑
明明用app-context.xml就包含所有的上下文信息了,可是删掉jndi.properties依然会出错。