以下内容转自:http://lovexueer.itpub.net/post/5072/49241
12月26日(星期一)
测试环境：
OS :XP
DB:9201
本测试测试了如下情况：
a.正常关闭数据库，数据库（未）归档，回滚段表空间丢失，成功恢复
b.非正常关闭数据库，数据库非归档，有活动事务，回滚段表空间丢失，成功恢复
c.非正常关闭数据库，数据库归档，有活动事务，回滚段表空间丢失，恢复失败，目前不知原因
a.正常关闭数据库, 数据库(未)归档
如shutdown normal,shutdown immediate
1.正常关闭数据库，模拟回滚段表空间丢失
SQL> conn sys/test@jumper as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> shutdown immediate;
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> host del D:oracleoradatajumperUNDOTBS01.DBF
SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 126950220 bytes
Fixed Size 453452 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 16777216 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
ORA-01157: 无法标识/锁定数据文件 2 - 请参阅 DBWR 跟踪文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF'
2.确认回滚段表空间丢失
SQL> select file#,online_status,error from v$recover_file;
FILE# ONLINE_ status error
---------- -------
2 ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND
SQL> select name from v$datafile where file#=2;
NAME
----------------------------------------------------
D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF
3.打开数据库
SQL> alter database datafile 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.dbf' offline drop;
数据库已更改。
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。
4.创建新的回滚段表空间
SQL> select segment_name ,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU1$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU2$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU3$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU4$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU5$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU6$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU7$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU8$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU9$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
_SYSSMU10$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE
已选择11行。
SQL> create undo tablespace undots datafile 'undotbs02.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 10m maxsize 200m
2 ;
表空间已创建。
SQL> alter system set undo_tablespace=undots;
系统已更改。
SQL> drop tablespace UNDOTBS1 including contents and datafiles;
表空间已丢弃。
SQL> select segment_name ,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU11$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU12$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU13$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU14$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU15$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU16$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU17$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU18$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU19$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU20$ UNDOTS ONLINE
已选择11行。
5.重新启动
SQL> startup force;
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 126950220 bytes
Fixed Size 453452 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 16777216 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
数据库已经打开。
SQL> select segment_name ,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU11$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU12$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU13$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU14$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU15$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU16$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU17$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU18$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU19$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU20$ UNDOTS ONLINE
已选择11行。
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- -----------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 10800
undo_suppress_errors boolean FALSE
undo_tablespace string UNDOTS
通过上述方法，（未）归档都可以正常打开数据库
b.非正常关闭数据库(数据库未归档)
如shutdown abort或crash
1.生成测试数据
SQL> conn test/test@jumper
已连接。
SQL> truncate table test;
表已截掉。
SQL> insert into test values(1);
已创建 1 行。
2.非正常关闭数据库，删除回滚段表空间
再打开一窗口
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> host del D:oracleoradatajumperUNDOTBS01.DBF
3.创建启动参数文件
SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes
Fixed Size 453492 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
ORA-01157: 无法标识/锁定数据文件 2 - 请参阅 DBWR 跟踪文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF'
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
文件已创建。
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
4.修改启动参数文件D:oracleora92databaseinitjumper.ora，moun数据库
原来参数:
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
修改为:
undo_management='manual'
undo_tablespace='system'
_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS=(_SYSSMU1$,_SYSSMU2$,_SYSSMU3$,_SYSSMU4$,_SYSSMU5$,_SYSSMU6$,_SYSSMU7$,_SYSSMU8$,_SYSSMU9$,_SYSSMU10$)
5.SQL> startup mount pfile=D:oracleora92databaseinitjumper.ora
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes
Fixed Size 453492 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
5.确认undo表空间丢失
SQL> select file#,error from v$recover_file;
FILE# ERROR
---------- ---------------------------------------
2 FILE NOT FOUND
SQL> select name from v$datafile where file#=2;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF
6.打开数据库
SQL> alter database datafile 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF' offline drop;
数据库已更改。
SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。
SQL> conn test/test@jumper;
已连接。
SQL> select *from test;
ID
----------
1
7．创建新的ROLLBACK 表空间
SQL> select * from v$rollname;
USN NAME
---------- ------------------------------
0 SYSTEM
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU1$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU2$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU3$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU4$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU5$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU6$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU7$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU8$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU9$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
_SYSSMU10$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY
已选择11行。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU1$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU2$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU3$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU4$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU5$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU6$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU7$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU8$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU9$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU10$";
回退段已删除。
SQL> drop tablespace UNDOTBS1 including contents and datafiles;
表空间已丢弃。
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name ,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
SQL> create undo tablespace undots datafile 'D:oracleoradatajumperundotbs02.dbf' size 10m ;
表空间已创建。
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name ,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU11$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU12$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU13$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU14$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU15$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU16$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU17$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU18$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU19$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
_SYSSMU20$ UNDOTS OFFLINE
已选择11行。
8.打开数据库
修改参数如下:
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTS'
去掉如下参数
._CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS=(_SYSSMU1$,_SYSSMU2$,_SYSSMU3$,_SYSSMU4$,_SYSSMU5$,_SYSSMU6$,_SYSSMU7$,_SYSSMU8$,_SYSSMU9$,_SYSSMU10$)
SQL> startup mount pfile=D:oracleora92databaseinitjumper.ora
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 126950220 bytes
Fixed Size 453452 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 16777216 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter database open;
数据库已更改。
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name ,status from dba_rollback_segs;
SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------------
SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE
_SYSSMU11$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU12$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU13$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU14$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU15$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU16$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU17$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU18$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU19$ UNDOTS ONLINE
_SYSSMU20$ UNDOTS ONLINE
已选择11行。
SQL> conn test/test@jumper ;
已连接。
SQL> select * from test;
ID
----------
1
SQL>create spfile from pfile
文件已创建
9.重新exp /imp,分析所有对像，防止有坏的数据块
select 'analyze table '||table_name ||' validate structure cascade ' from dba_tables
c.非正常关闭数据库(数据库归档)
如shutdown abort或crash
1.生成测试数据
SQL> conn test/test@jumper
已连接。
SQL> truncate table test;
表已截掉。
SQL> insert into test values(1);
已创建 1 行。
2.非正常关闭数据库，删除回滚段表空间
再打开一窗口
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> host del D:oracleoradatajumperUNDOTBS01.DBF
3.创建启动参数文件
SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes
Fixed Size 453492 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
ORA-01157: 无法标识/锁定数据文件 2 - 请参阅 DBWR 跟踪文件
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF'
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
文件已创建。
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开
已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
4.修改启动参数文件D:oracleora92databaseinitjumper.ora，moun数据库
原来参数:
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
修改为:
undo_management='manual'
undo_tablespace='system'
_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS=(_SYSSMU1$,_SYSSMU2$,_SYSSMU3$,_SYSSMU4$,_SYSSMU5$,_SYSSMU6$,_SYSSMU7$,_SYSSMU8$,_SYSSMU9$,_SYSSMU10$)
SQL> startup mount pfile=D:oracleora92databaseinitjumper.ora
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
Total System Global Area 135338868 bytes
Fixed Size 453492 bytes
Variable Size 109051904 bytes
Database Buffers 25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
数据库装载完毕。
5.确认undo表空间丢失
SQL> select file# from v$recover_file;
FILE#
----------
2
SQL> select name from v$datafile where file#=2;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF
6.打开数据库
SQL> alter database datafile 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF' offline drop;
数据库已更改。
SQL> recover database;
完成介质恢复。
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR 位于第 1 行:
ORA-01092: ORACLE 例程终止。强行断开连接
查看alter.log文件报以下错误
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database
Sun Dec 25 14:12:17 2005
Media Recovery Start
Starting datafile 1 recovery in thread 1 sequence 28
Datafile 1: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERSYSTEM01.DBF'
Starting datafile 3 recovery in thread 1 sequence 28
Datafile 3: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERINDX01.DBF'
Starting datafile 4 recovery in thread 1 sequence 28
Datafile 4: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERTOOLS01.DBF'
Starting datafile 5 recovery in thread 1 sequence 28
Datafile 5: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUSERS01.DBF'
Media Recovery Log
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 28 Reading mem 0
Mem# 0 errs 0: D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERREDO01.LOG
Media Recovery Complete
Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER database
Sun Dec 25 14:12:27 2005
alter database open
Sun Dec 25 14:12:28 2005
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Sun Dec 25 14:12:28 2005
Started first pass scan
Sun Dec 25 14:12:28 2005
Completed first pass scan
138 redo blocks read, 0 data blocks need recovery
Sun Dec 25 14:12:29 2005
Started recovery at
Thread 1: logseq 28, block 2, scn 0.139909
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 28 Reading mem 0
Mem# 0 errs 0: D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERREDO01.LOG
Sun Dec 25 14:12:29 2005
Ended recovery at
Thread 1: logseq 28, block 140, scn 0.160187
0 data blocks read, 0 data blocks written, 138 redo blocks read
Crash recovery completed successfully
Sun Dec 25 14:12:29 2005
LGWR: Primary database is in CLUSTER CONSISTENT mode
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 29
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 29
Current log# 2 seq# 29 mem# 0: D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERREDO02.LOG
Successful open of redo thread 1.
Sun Dec 25 14:12:29 2005
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Sun Dec 25 14:12:30 2005
ARC0: Evaluating archive log 1 thread 1 sequence 28
ARC0: Beginning to archive log 1 thread 1 sequence 28
Creating archive destination LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERARCHIVE1_28.DBF'
ARC0: Completed archiving log 1 thread 1 sequence 28
Sun Dec 25 14:12:30 2005
Errors in file d:oracleadminjumperudumpjumper_ora_3360.trc:
ORA-00704: 引导程序进程失败
ORA-00604: 递归 SQL 层 2 出现错误
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 2
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF'
Sun Dec 25 14:24:06 2005
Error 704 happened during db open, shutting down database
USER: terminating instance due to error 704
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3796
ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open...
对应的jumper_ora_3360.trc错误如下:
Dump file d:oracleadminjumperudumpjumper_ora_3360.trc
Sun Dec 25 14:12:19 2005
ORACLE V9.2.0.1.0 - Production vsnsta=0
vsnsql=12 vsnxtr=3
Windows 2000 Version 5.1 Service Pack 2, CPU type 586
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Windows 2000 Version 5.1 Service Pack 2, CPU type 586
Instance name: jumper
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 10
Windows thread id: 3360, image: ORACLE.EXE
*** SESSION ID:(9.3) 2005-12-25 14:12:19.000
----- Redo read statistics for thread 1 -----
Read rate (ASYNC) = 69Kb/sec => 138 blocks in 1s
Read buffer = 8192Kb (16384 blocks)
Longest record = 0Kb
Record moves = 0/223 (0%)
----------------------------------------------
----- Redo read statistics for thread 1 -----
Read rate (ASYNC) = 69Kb/sec => 138 blocks in 1s
Read buffer = 8192Kb (16384 blocks)
Longest record = 0Kb
Record moves = 0/223 (0%)
----------------------------------------------
*** 2005-12-25 14:12:29.000
KCRA: start recovery claims for 0 data blocks
*** 2005-12-25 14:12:29.000
KCRA: buffers claimed = 0/0, eliminated = 0
ORA-00704: 引导程序进程失败
ORA-00604: 递归 SQL 层 2 出现错误
ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 2
ORA-01110: 数据文件 2: 'D:ORACLEORADATAJUMPERUNDOTBS01.DBF'
怪了，归档模式恢复不成功，而非归档模式恢复成功?
从后台日志来看，归档模式下用序列为28的日志作了介质恢复，然后将此日志归档后，报了启动错误
是不是归档进程后，数据库仍然去读老的回滚表空间,造成打开数据库不成功？而非归档就成功启动了。
原因在那里？
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