Serialization is the process of converting a data structure or object into a sequence of bits so that it can be stored in a file or memory buffer, or transmitted across a network connection link to be reconstructed later in the same or another computer environment.
Design an algorithm to serialize and deserialize a binary search tree. There is no restriction on how your serialization/deserialization algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a binary search tree can be serialized to a string and this string can be deserialized to the original tree structure.
The encoded string should be as compact as possible.
Note: Do not use class member/global/static variables to store states. Your serialize and deserialize algorithms should be stateless.
考虑一种二叉树的遍历,比如preorder
那么string应该是 root left right 如果是null 就直接写null
值得注意的是如何恢复 这也是要选先序遍历的原因
前面一个是root 那么后面的比root小的全部是左子树的节点
然后后边比root大的全都是右子树的节点
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
public class Codec {
Stack<TreeNode> s = new Stack<>();
// Encodes a tree to a single string.
public String serialize(TreeNode root) {
if(root == null){
return "null";
}
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
s.push(root);
while(!s.isEmpty()){
TreeNode tmp = s.pop();
sb.append(String.valueOf(tmp.val));
sb.append(",");
if(tmp.right != null){
s.push(tmp.right);
}
if(tmp.left != null){
s.push(tmp.left);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
// Decodes your encoded data to tree.
public TreeNode deserialize(String data) {
if(data.equals("null")) return null;
String[] str = data.split(",");
Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedList<>();
for(String s : str){
q.offer(Integer.parseInt(s));
}
return build(q);
}
private TreeNode build(Queue<Integer> q) {
if (q.isEmpty()) return null;
TreeNode root = new TreeNode(q.poll());
Queue<Integer> leftnodes = new LinkedList<>();
while (!q.isEmpty() && q.peek() < root.val) {
leftnodes.offer(q.poll());
}
root.left = build(leftnodes);
root.right = build(q);
return root;
}
}
// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:
// Codec codec = new Codec();
// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));