传智播客Hibernate视频教程学习笔记46

事务中的悲观锁和乐观锁

 

为了避免对对象同步操作时候产生的数据不一致问题，我们对对象采用加锁机制

 

悲观锁：从读取的时候开始加锁，直到修改完成。

 

缺点：读取完以后，用户修改过程缓慢，造成同步性降低。

 

乐观锁：给每条记录添加版本号，用来区别。两人同时编辑时候，假设获取的版本号都为1，编辑完提交的时候，版本号为2，第一个提交完以后，数据库版本号为2，第二个提交的时候对比版本号就会报错。

 

 

给Users加上版本号

 

Users.java

package domain; import java.util.Date; public class Users { private int id; private String name; private Date birthday; private int ver; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } public void setVer(int ver) { this.ver = ver; } public int getVer() { return ver; } }

Users.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="domain"> <class name="Users"> <cache usage="read-write"/> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <version name="ver"></version> <property name="name"></property> <property name="birthday"></property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>

 

test.java

import hibernate.HibernateUtil; import java.util.Date; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import domain.Users; public class test { public static void main(String[] args) { Users user = new Users(); user.setBirthday(new Date()); user.setName("pf"); HibernateUtil.add(user); update(1); } static void update(int id){ Session s1 = HibernateUtil.getSession(); Transaction tx1 = s1.beginTransaction(); Users user1 = (Users)s1.get(Users.class, id); Session s2 = HibernateUtil.getSession(); Transaction tx2 = s2.beginTransaction(); Users user2 = (Users)s2.get(Users.class, id); user1.setName("new1"); user2.setName("new2"); tx2.commit(); tx1.commit(); s1.close(); s2.close(); } }

模拟两个线程同步操作，更新user

运行结果如下

 

Hibernate: insert into Users (ver, name, birthday) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: select users0_.id as id0_0_, users0_.ver as ver0_0_, users0_.name as name0_0_, users0_.birthday as birthday0_0_ from Users users0_ where users0_.id=?
Hibernate: update Users set ver=?, name=?, birthday=? where id=? and ver=?
Hibernate: update Users set ver=?, name=?, birthday=? where id=? and ver=?
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.StaleObjectStateException: Row was updated or deleted by another transaction (or unsaved-value mapping was incorrect): [domain.Users#1]

 

第二个提交的事务内报错，数据库内字段修改为new2。