rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cdyk%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml">
rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5Cdyk%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml">
源代码下载:HelloWorld示例.rar
在《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》这篇入门文章中简单介绍了基于Mozllia平台进行扩展开发的基础知识,但仍然欠缺最为重要的一种武器---没错,XPCOM!这篇文章就是为它准备的。
XPCOM是什么?
这个问题不多做解释了,相信XPCOM对于了解COM技术的人来说很快就可以上手开发了,下列是Mozilla官方给出的一些XPCOM知识的入门资源:
个人尤其推荐IBM developerworks上那5篇文章。
使用已有的XPCOM
XPCOM的使用十分简单,Mozilla平台已经为我们提供了许多功能强大的XPCOM组件了,如果你需要某方面功能的组件,请先看看Mozilla平台下是不是已经有对应的了,别再“自己造轮子了“。
关于这方面也不打算再多说了,有兴趣的朋友可以阅读IBM developerworks下面这篇文章,《实战 Firefox 扩展开发》,相信通过这样一个图片批量下载工具的开发,就会对于Mozilla平台下已有的XPCOM组件的使用有所了解的。
So,what's next?
没错,自己如何开发XPCOM组件并在扩展中使用。网上对于这方面的资料不是很多,而且没有特别完整的示例,这就是我写这篇文章的目的所在,通过一个简单的XPCOM组件的开发全过程,展示XPCOM组件的内部细节。
项目目标:
组件要实现的功能非常简单,就只提供一个做加法的接口供客户调用。
long Add(in long a, in long b);
然后在扩展中调用这个加法接口。
准备工作
0,按照《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》这篇文章建立起开发扩展的基本环境。
1、下载Gecko SDK
http://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/mozilla/releases/mozilla1.8b1/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1.zip ,我们需要使用它来对IDL定义进行解释。
2、创建GUID
使用微软的的guidgen 生成GUID,例如b7b04070-45fc -4635- b219
-
7a
172f
806bee
4,从C:/mozilla-build/moztools-180compat/bin下拷贝libIDL-0.6.dll,glib-1.2.dll到/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/bin下,否则运行xpidl会报错.
开发XPCOM组件
1,创建接口文件定义
#include
"
nsISupports.idl
"
[scriptable, uuid(b7b04070
-
45fc
-
4635
-
b219
-
7a172f806bee)]
interface
IMyComponent : nsISupports
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
long Add(in long a, in long b);
}
;
2、使用Gecko SDK 的xpidl.exe
进入xpidl所在目录,在CMD中输入命令
xpidl -m header -I
../
idl IMyComponent
.
idl(这里应该是IDL定义文件的实际路径)
xpidl -m typelib -I
../
idl IMyComponent
.
idl
如果上面执行有问题的话,可以将
/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/bin;/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/idl;/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/include;
加入到环境变量的PATH里面去。
如果上述命令执行通过,在/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/bin就会得到IMyComponent.h,IMyComponent.xpt 这2个文件。
2、创建新文件
根据IMyComponent.h创建文件MyComponent.h,MyComponent.cpp,MyComponentModule.cpp。
/**/
/* MyComponent.h*/
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
#pragma
once
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
#ifndef _MY_COMPONENT_H_
#define
_MY_COMPONENT_H_
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
#include
"
IMyComponent.h
"
#define
MY_COMPONENT_CONTRACTID "@mydomain.com/XPCOMSample/MyComponent;1"
#define
MY_COMPONENT_CLASSNAME "A Simple XPCOM Sample"
#define
MY_COMPONENT_CID {0xb7b04070, 0x45fc, 0x4635,{ 0xb2, 0x19, 0x7a, 0x17, 0x2f, 0x80, 0x6b, 0xee } }
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
class
MyComponent:
public
IMyComponent
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
public:
NS_DECL_ISUPPORTS
NS_DECL_IMYCOMPONENT
MyComponent(void);
~MyComponent(void);
}
;
#endif
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
/**/
/* MyComponent.cpp*/
#include
"
StdAfx.h
"
#include
"
MyComponent.h
"
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS1(MyComponent, IMyComponent)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
MyComponent::MyComponent(
void
)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
}
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
MyComponent::
~
MyComponent(
void
)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
}
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
NS_IMETHODIMP MyComponent::Add(PRInt32 a, PRInt32 b, PRInt32
*
_retval)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
*_retval = a + b;
return NS_OK;
}
/**/
/* MyComponentModule.cpp*/
#include
"
StdAfx.h
"
#include
"
nsIGenericFactory.h
"
#include
"
MyComponent.h
"
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
NS_GENERIC_FACTORY_CONSTRUCTOR(MyComponent)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
static
nsModuleComponentInfo components[]
=
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
MY_COMPONENT_CLASSNAME,
MY_COMPONENT_CID,
MY_COMPONENT_CONTRACTID,
MyComponentConstructor,
}
}
;
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
NS_IMPL_NSGETMODULE(
"
MyComponentsModule
"
, components)
编译XPCOM组件
1、创建工程
使用VC2005,创建新的DLL工程,将IMyComponent.h, MyComponent.h,MyComponent.cpp,MyComponentModule.cpp添加到工程中。
2、工程配置
1)c/c++ GeneralAdditional Include Directories 中设置为/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/include
2) c/c++Preprocessor Preprocessor Definitions中加入MYCOMPONENT_EXPORTS,XPCOM_GLUE
3)c/c++Code GenerationRuntime Library中设置为Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)
,这里非常重要,否则编译会报错的!!。
4)LinkerAdditional Liberary Directoryse设置为/gecko-sdk-i586-pc-msvc-1.8b1/gecko-sdk/lib
5)Linker Additional Depenendies加入nspr4.lib plds4.lib plc4.lib xpcomglue.lib
3、编译生成MyComponent.dll。
在扩展中使用XPCOM组件
对《浅谈基于Mozilla ThunderBird的扩展开发》中的helloworld项目进行修改,加入一个文件夹components和一个安装文件install.js。
![2008042501.jpg](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/b6b40515458e84bd5e5f75c764099315.jpeg)
关于这两个东西具体的含义这里就不多做介绍了,简单点说,intall.js就是把XPCOM组件注册到Mozilla平台中去,就类似于Windows的注册表一样,从而可以使用组件。
1)Install.js的内容:
// Install script for helloworld
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
var err;
const APP_VERSION="0.0.0.1";//版本号
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//初始化安装
err = initInstall("helloworld"+APP_VERSION, // name for install UI
"/helloworld", // registered name
APP_VERSION); // package version
if(err!=0)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{//安装出错,取消安装
cancelInstall(err);
}
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
//标准目录
var fProgram = getFolder("Program");//程序根目录
var fChrome = getFolder("Chrome");//chrome目录
var fComponents = getFolder("Components");//components目录
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
// workaround for Mozilla 1.8a3 and newer, failing to register enigmime correctly
var delComps = [ "compreg.dat" ]; // Components registry
for (var j=0; j<delComps.length; j++)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
var delFile = getFolder(fComponents, delComps[j]);
if (File.exists(delFile))
File.remove(delFile);
}
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
err = getLastError();
if (err == DOES_NOT_EXIST)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
// error code: file does not exist
resetError();
}
else if (err != SUCCESS)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
cancelInstall(err);
}
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
// addDirectory: blank, archive_dir, install_dir, install_subdir
addDirectory("", "components", fComponents, "");
addDirectory("", "chrome", fChrome, "");
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
err = getLastError();
if (err == ACCESS_DENIED)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
alert("Unable to write to components directory "+fComponents+"./n You will need to restart the browser with administrator/root privileges to install this software. After installing as root (or administrator), you will need to restart the browser one more time, as a privileged user, to register the installed software./n After the second restart, you can go back to running the browser without privileges!");
cancelInstall(ACCESS_DENIED);
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
}
else if (err != SUCCESS)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
cancelInstall(err);
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
}
else
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
{
// Register chrome
registerChrome(PACKAGE | DELAYED_CHROME, getFolder("Chrome","helloworld.jar"), "content/helloworld/");
err = getLastError();
if (err != SUCCESS)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
cancelInstall(err);
}
else
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
performInstall();
}
}
2)在Componts文件夹中加入MyComponent.dll和IMyComponent.xpt
3)修改overlay.js如下:
//
This is the main function
const ENIG_C
=
Components;
const ENIG_ENIGMAIL_CONTRACTID
=
"
@mydomain.com/XPCOMSample/MyComponent;1
"
var
gEnigmailSvc
=
null
;
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
function
helloWorld()
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
{
try
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
alert("准备创建组件");
gEnigmailSvc = ENIG_C.classes[ENIG_ENIGMAIL_CONTRACTID].createInstance(ENIG_C.interfaces.IMyComponent);//创建实例
if(gEnigmailSvc!=null)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
alert("创建组件成功");
gEnigmailSvc = gEnigmailSvc.QueryInterface(ENIG_C.interfaces.IMyComponent);
}
else
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
alert("创建组件失败");
return;
}
var res = gEnigmailSvc.Add(3, 4);
alert('Performing 3+4. Returned ' + res + '.');
alert("创建结束");
}
catch(ex)
![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
{
alert("error");
}
}
好了,到此就完成了这个最简单的XPCOM组件的开发了,enjoy it!
Reference
1,利用VC创建XPCOM组件
2, http://enigmail.mozdev.org/home/index.php
需要完整代码的,请发email至
phinecos@163.com,也欢迎有兴趣的朋友们一起来交流Mozilla的扩展开发技术