试验之——冷备份或者是热备份，shutdown immediate 后可以恢复所有的datafile（原创）

首先保证你已经对整个数据库做了一次完整的冷备份或者热备份（备份过程省略）

SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            F:/oracle/ora92/RDBMS
Oldest online log sequence     0
Next log sequence to archive   1
Current log sequence           1

表明数据库运行在归档模式下

SQL> select * from backup;

        ID
----------
         1
         2
         3
测试表backup中已经存在三条数据


SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

数据库完全关闭之后就可以删除表backup所在表空间的文件backup.dbf了，用来模拟数据文件的损坏

然后启动数据库
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  143727516 bytes
Fixed Size                   453532 bytes
Variable Size             109051904 bytes
Database Buffers           33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 11: 'F:/ORACLE/ORADATA/ORACAS/BACKUP.DBF'

显然会报错的:)

查看
SQL> select * from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE  ONLINE_ ERROR                                                                CHANGE# TIME
---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ---------
        11 ONLINE  ONLINE  FILE NOT FOUND                                                             0

然后把备份好的backup.dbf文件restore过来

SQL> recover database
Media recovery complete.

SQL> select * from backup;

        ID
----------
         1
         2
         3
         4

小节：
1、restore all the corrupt datafile from the cold or hot backup;
2、startup mount;
3、recover database;
4、alter database open;
btw:This is a sort of complete recovery.