java容器（一）概述

Collection接口用于单个元素装入，Map接口用于成对元素装入；

Set接口和List接口继承于Collection，Set存储无序且不可重复的元素，List存储有序且可重复的元素；

接口定义了标准，类具体实现对应标准。

Collection的子类用于存放的元素都是对象类型的（Object及其子类）。如果对象是自定义类的对象，则需要重写equal方法；

当需要用hash做索引时（如HashSet比较两个自定义对象，或Map中），也需要重写hashcode方法。

import java.util.*;

public class BasicContainer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Collection c = new ArrayList();
        c.add("hello");
        c.add(new Name("f1","l1"));
        c.add(new Integer(100));
        c.remove("hello"); 
        c.remove(new Integer(100));
        System.out.println
                  (c.remove(new Name("f1","l1")));
        System.out.println(c);
    }


}

class Name implements Comparable {
    private String firstName,lastName;
    public Name(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName; this.lastName = lastName;
    }
    public String getFirstName() {  return firstName;   }
    public String getLastName() {   return lastName;   }
    public String toString() {  return firstName + " " + lastName;  }
    
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
	    if (obj instanceof Name) {
	        Name name = (Name) obj;
	        return (firstName.equals(name.firstName))
	            && (lastName.equals(name.lastName));
	    }
	    return super.equals(obj);
		}
		//public int hashCode() {
		//    return firstName.hashCode();
		//}
		
		
		
		public int compareTo(Object o) {
        Name n = (Name)o;
        int lastCmp = 
            lastName.compareTo(n.lastName);
        return 
             (lastCmp!=0 ? lastCmp :
              firstName.compareTo(n.firstName));
    }
		
}

父类引用（接口引用）指向子类对象应用此处应用较广：

Collection c = new ArrayList();