Leetcode 48: Rotate Image

Problem:
You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image.

Rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

Follow up:
Could you do this in-place?

利用处于中心的极坐标变换:

$$(r_t',\theta_t') = (r, \theta - \pi/2)$$ $$x' = x - (n-1)/2$$ $$y' = (n-1)/2 - y$$ $$x_t' = r_t\cos(\theta - \pi/2) = y'$$ $$x_t = n - 1 - y$$

注意 n <script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-274">n</script>的奇偶影响即可。

__author__ = 'burger'

class Solution:
    # @param {integer[][]} matrix
    # @return {void} Do not return anything, modify matrix in-place instead.
    def rotate(self, matrix):
        n = len(matrix)
        for i in range((n +1)//2):
            for j in range(n//2):
                tmp = 0
                x = i
                y = j
                xt = y
                yt =  n - x - 1
                last = matrix[x][y]
                for l in range(4):
                    tmp = matrix[xt][yt]
                    matrix[xt][yt] = last
                    x = yt
                    y =  n - xt - 1
                    xt = x
                    yt = y
                    last = tmp

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = Solution()
    n = [[1,2],[3,4]]
    m = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]
    s.rotate(n)
    print(n)