前言
在自定义View中我们经常通过getContext()方法来使用Context获取资源、设置样式等。那么大家有没有想过View中getContext()获取的Context是来自哪里的?接下来就分析View中Context的生成过程。
View的Context
我们都知道在View中有个getContext()方法供开发者使用。
/**
* Returns the context the view is running in, through which it can
* access the current theme, resources, etc.
*
* @return The view's Context.
*/
@ViewDebug.CapturedViewProperty
public final Context getContext() {
return mContext;
}
在上面的注释中可以看出,通过View中的Context是View正在运行的上下文环境中,并且可以通过Context获取资源和主题等。根据这些信息我们可以判断View中的Context是一个ContextThemeWrapper类型的Context。
View的Context初始化
在获取到上面的信息后,我们可以知道View的Context是一个ContextThemeWrapper类型的Context,并且在View的构造方法中也可以看到Context被赋值。根据这些信息我们可以判断View在初始化的时候Context被赋值,所以接下来从Activity的setContentView()开始分析。
在Activity的setContentView()方法中View会被创建以及绘制。
public void setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) {
getWindow().setContentView(layoutResID);
initWindowDecorActionBar();
}
可以看到在Activity的setContentView()方法中调用了Window的setContentView()方法。我们知道这个Window就是PhoneWindow,接下来直接在PhoneWindow中分析setContentView()方法。
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
if (mContentParent == null) {
installDecor(); //首先初始化DecorView
} else if (!hasFeature(FEATURE_CONTENT_TRANSITIONS)) {
mContentParent.removeAllViews();
}
//.........
}
可以看到再说上面的代码中首先初始化了DecorView也就是顶级View。接下来看下DecorView是如何初始化的。
private void installDecor() {
mForceDecorInstall = false;
if (mDecor == null) {
mDecor = generateDecor(-1); //创建DecorView
mDecor.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
mDecor.setIsRootNamespace(true);
if (!mInvalidatePanelMenuPosted && mInvalidatePanelMenuFeatures != 0) {
mDecor.postOnAnimation(mInvalidatePanelMenuRunnable);
}
} else {
mDecor.setWindow(this);
}
if (mContentParent == null) {
mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor); //生成布局
}
//........
}
protected DecorView generateDecor(int featureId) {
Context context;
if (mUseDecorContext) {
Context applicationContext = getContext().getApplicationContext();
if (applicationContext == null) {
context = getContext();
} else {
context = new DecorContext(applicationContext, getContext().getResources());
if (mTheme != -1) {
context.setTheme(mTheme);
}
}
} else {
context = getContext();
}
return new DecorView(context, featureId, this, getAttributes());
}
从上面的代码中可以看到,在创建DecorView的过程中,首先会创建一个DecorContext。这个类型的Context就是DecorView中要使用的Context,可以看到这个Context是可以操作主题的。如果Context是空,就使用Window的Context,而Window的Context来自于Activity。
在DecorView创建完成后,接下来就是生成布局。这里就开始了View的初始化过程。
protected ViewGroup generateLayout(DecorView decor) {
//......
if (mIsFloating) {
setLayout(WRAP_CONTENT, WRAP_CONTENT);
setFlags(0, flagsToUpdate);
} else {
setFlags(FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN|FLAG_LAYOUT_INSET_DECOR, flagsToUpdate);
}
//......
mDecor.startChanging();
mDecor.onResourcesLoaded(mLayoutInflater, layoutResource); //生成布局
//......
mDecor.finishChanging();
return contentParent;
}
void onResourcesLoaded(LayoutInflater inflater, int layoutResource) {
mDecorCaptionView = createDecorCaptionView(inflater);
final View root = inflater.inflate(layoutResource, null); //初始化View
if (mDecorCaptionView != null) {
if (mDecorCaptionView.getParent() == null) {
addView(mDecorCaptionView,
new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));
}
mDecorCaptionView.addView(root,
new ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));
} else {
addView(root, 0, new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(MATCH_PARENT, MATCH_PARENT));
}
mContentRoot = (ViewGroup) root;
initializeElevation();
}
在上面的代码中可以看出,布局是从LayoutInflater的inflate开始的。
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
//......
// Inflate all children under temp against its context.
rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);
//......
return result;
}
}
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;
boolean pendingRequestFocus = false;
while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
//......
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
pendingRequestFocus = true;
consumeChildElements(parser);
} else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {
//通过tag创建
parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);
} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
}
// include 标签
parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);
} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
} else {
//创建View
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
}
}
}
一路跟代码下去,我们可以看到在rInflate()方法中根据布局XML文件开始递归的创建View树。在这个过程中每个View都会被创建。可以看到在createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs)方法中使用了Context的参数,接下来继续分析。
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
if (name.equals("view")) {
name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
}
// Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.
if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {
//这里为View创建了一个ContextThemeWrapper类型的Context
final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
if (themeResId != 0) {
context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
}
ta.recycle();
}
if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {
// Let's party like it's 1995!
return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);
}
try {
View view;
if (mFactory2 != null) {
view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
} else if (mFactory != null) {
view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
} else {
view = null;
}
if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {
view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
}
if (view == null) {
final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
try {
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
} else {
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
}
} finally {
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
}
}
return view;
}
}
从上面的代码中我们就找到了答案,View的Context在这里被创建。
总结
在上面的分析中,我们可以知道View中的Context是ContextThemeWrapper类型的。在View被绘制之前的初始化过程中被创建。当然根据Android的特性View的Context也得是一个ContextThemeWrapper类型的,因为View中也涉及到了Theme的操作。