1、Result的类型
Struts2的Result分为四种类型:dispatcher、redirect、chain、redirectAction。
对应的struts.xml可以这么配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!-- 通配符的使用 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="GBK" />
<package name="result" namespace="/r" extends="struts-default">
<action name="r1" >
<result type = "dispatcher"> /r1.jsp </result>
</action>
<action name="r2" >
<result type = "redirect"> /r2.jsp </result>
</action>
<action name="r3" >
<result type = "chain"> r1 </result>
</action>
<action name="r4" >
<result type = "redirectAction"> r2 </result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
通过jsp页面的访问:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB18030" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<% String context = request.getContextPath(); %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030" />
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Result类型
<ol>
<li><a href="r/r1">dispatcher</a></li>
<li><a href="r/r2">redirect</a></li>
<li><a href="r/r3">chain</a></li>
<li><a href="r/r4">redirectAction</a></li>
<li>freemarker</li>
<li>httpheader</li>
<li>stream</li>
<li>velocity</li>
<li>xslt</li>
<li>plaintext</li>
<li>tiles</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
我们发现返回之后的链接是不一样的。
2、全局的Result
Struts可以配置全局的Result可以在不同的package中使用,减少了重复配置的操作。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!-- 通配符的使用 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="GBK" />
<package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default">
<global-results>
<result name = "mainPage">/main.jsp</result>
</global-results>
<action name="index">
<result> /index.jsp </result>
</action>
<action name="user" class="com.smile.struts2.user.action.UserAction">
<result> /user_success.jsp </result>
<result name="error"> /user_error.jsp </result>
</action>
</package>
<package name="admin" namespace="/user" extends="user">
<action name="admin" class="com.smile.struts2.user.action.AdminAction">
<result> /user_success.jsp </result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
定义到user包下的全局result在admin返回时也是可以找到的。
3、动态的Result
可以根据Action中的属性来动态的配置返回结果。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!-- 通配符的使用 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="GBK" />
<package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default">
<action name = "index">
<result>/index.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="user" class="com.smile.struts2.user.action.UserAction">
<result>/${r}.jsp</result> <!-- 与之前的版本略有不同 直接用${r} xml编译不通过,可能与之前的版本有不同 需要注意 -->
</action>
</package>
</struts>
UserAction可以增加属性r:
package com.smile.struts2.user.action;
import java.util.Map;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
private int type;
private String r;
public String getR() {
return r;
}
public void setR(String r) {
this.r = r;
}
public int getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(int type) {
this.type = type;
}
public String execute() {
if(type == 1){
r = "user_success";
}else if(type == 2){
r = "user_error";
}else{
}
return SUCCESS;
}
}
然后根据访问的参数,定向到不同的result中。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB18030" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<% String context = request.getContextPath(); %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030" />
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Result类型
<ol>
<li><a href="user/user?type=1">返回success</a></li>
<li><a href="user/user?type=2">返回error</a></li>
<li><a href="user/user?type=3">返回global result</a></li>
<li><a href="admin/admin">admin,继承user包</a></li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
4、带参数的Result
struts中也可以定义带参数的Result然后从jsp界面中访问。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!-- 通配符的使用 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="GBK" />
<package name="user" namespace="/user" extends="struts-default">
<action name = "index">
<result>/index.jsp</result>
</action>
<action name="user" class="com.smile.struts2.user.action.UserAction">
<result type="redirect">
<param name="location">/user_success.jsp</param>
<param name="t">${type}</param>
</result> <!-- 与之前的版本略有不同 直接用${r} xml编译不通过,可能与之前的版本有不同 需要注意 -->
</action>
</package>
</struts>
UserAction不变。
在返回成功的jsp界面中可以将参数显示出来:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB18030" ?>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030" />
<title>UserSuccess</title>
</head>
<body>
User Success!
from valuestack: <s:property value="t"/><br/>
from actioncontext: <s:property value="#parameters.t"/>
<s:debug></s:debug>
</body>
</html>