Android开发学习-动态申请权限

案例：动态获取读写手机联系人的权限、读写手机短信的权限

1、需要先检查程序，到底有没有开启联系人的读写权限

2、如果没有开启，就打开弹窗，让用户选择是否开启此项权限

3、根据用户在弹窗中选择的结果，进行回调方法的处理。

4、若用户拒绝，可以跳转到设置界面，对该应用进行权限的管理设置

工具类

package com.example.client.util;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Build;

import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

public class PermissionUtil {
    //检查多个权限，返回true表示已经完全开启权限，返回false表示未完全启用权限，需要打开弹窗让用户选择是否开启
    public static boolean checkPermission(Activity act, String[] permissions, int requestCode) {
        //只有在Android 6.0之后，才需要做动态的权限管理
        int check = PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            for (String permission : permissions) {
                check = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(act, permission);
                if (check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        if (check != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            //请求系统，进行弹窗【这是请求权限，才会触发onRequestPermissionsResult的回调方法】
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(act, permissions, requestCode);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    //判断是否授权，判断用户点击的结果
    public static boolean checkGrant(int[] grantResults) {
        if (grantResults != null) {
            for (int grantResult : grantResults) {
                if(grantResult != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

package com.example.client;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.example.client.util.PermissionUtil;

public class PermissionLazyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String[] PERMISSINS_CONTACTS = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS,

    };

    private static final String[] PERMISSINS_SMS = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS,
            Manifest.permission.READ_SMS

    };

    private static final int REQUEST_CODE_CONTACTS = 1;
    private static final int REQUEST_CODE_SMS = 2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_permission_lazy);
    }

    //请求读取联系人权限
    public void readCon(View view) {
        boolean flag = PermissionUtil.checkPermission(this, PERMISSINS_CONTACTS, REQUEST_CODE_CONTACTS);
        System.out.println("flag = " + flag);

    }

    //请求读取短信权限
    public void readMsg(View view) {
        boolean flag = PermissionUtil.checkPermission(this, PERMISSINS_SMS, REQUEST_CODE_SMS);
    }


    //判断用户在弹窗中是否授权
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        switch (requestCode){
            case REQUEST_CODE_CONTACTS:
                if(PermissionUtil.checkGrant(grantResults)){
                    //如果都授权了
                    Toast.makeText(this,"通讯录读写权限获取成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }else{
                    //获取通讯录读写权限失败
                    Toast.makeText(this,"通讯录读写权限获取失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    jumpToSettings();
                }
                break;
            case REQUEST_CODE_SMS:
                if(PermissionUtil.checkGrant(grantResults)){
                    //如果都授权了
                    Toast.makeText(this,"短信读写权限获取成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }else{
                    //获取通讯录读写权限失败
                    Toast.makeText(this,"短信读写权限获取失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    jumpToSettings();
                }
                break;

        }
    }

    //跳转到应用设置界面
    private void jumpToSettings(){
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
        intent.setData(Uri.fromParts("package",getPackageName(),null));
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        startActivity(intent);
    }
}

清单文件

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>