一：Interceptor（拦截器）
1、有两种形式写拦截器
①、implements Interceptor：实现拦截器接口
②、extends AbstractInterceptor：继承抽象类
注意：
①、com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.Interceptor;包下的
②、与过滤器一样，拦截器也需要放行
2、配置（struts-sy.xml）
注意：
①、所有的拦截器，自定义的或引用别人的都需要配置在interceptors中
②、在action中调用
3、 与filter的区别：先过filter再过interceptor
二、简单的文件上传
1、文件上传的三种方案
①、将上传的文件以二进制的形式存放到数据库 oa系统 activiti工作流框架
②、将文件上传到文件服务器（硬盘足够大）中
③、将文件上传到tomcat所在的普通web服务器
2、真实路径与虚拟路径的概念
①、所谓真实路径指的是在自己电脑上能够找到的路径
②、所谓虚拟路径，在自己的电脑上是看不到的，路径在别人的电脑（tomcat所在的位置）上能够看得到
3、上传文件
①、在action里面写方法：
package com.zking.five;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import com.zking.test.web.BaseAction;
public class UploadAction extends BaseAction {
private File file;//变量名指的是jsp的name属性,就是你要上传的文件 xxx
private String fileContentType;//xxxContentType
private String fileFileName;//xxxFileName
private String serverDir = "/upload";
public String upload() {
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +fileFileName);
try {
/**
* 参数1:本地图片文件
* 参数2:在服务器生成的文件
*/
FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File(realPath));
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 获取Linux下的上传文件的具体所在位置
* @param path
* @return
*/
private String getRealPath(String path) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return application.getRealPath(path);
}
public String openAs() {
String type = "image/jpeg";
String name = "1.jpg";
response.setContentType(type);
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","filename=" + name);//文件名
/**
* 将远程的图片输出到本地
* 数据源inputstream:远程 new file(realPath)
* 目的:输出到本地的jsp response.getOutputStream()
*/
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +name);
System.out.println(realPath);
try {
/**
* 别人提供的上传图片时间流
*/
// FileUtils.copyFile(new File(realPath), response.getOutputStream());
/**
* 自定义上传图片时间流(速度较快)
*/
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(realPath)));
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
copyStream(in, out);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
private void copyStream(BufferedInputStream in,BufferedOutputStream out) throws IOException {
byte[] bbuf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
try {
while((len = in.read(bbuf))!=-1) {
out.write(bbuf, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
public String download() {
String type = "image/jpeg";
String name = "1.jpg";
response.setContentType(type);
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=" + name);
/**
* 将远程的图片输出到本地
* 数据源inputstream:远程 new file(realPath)
* 目的:输出到本地的jsp response.getOutputStream()
*/
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +name);
try {
// FileUtils.copyFile(new File(realPath), response.getOutputStream());
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(realPath)));
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
copyStream(in, out);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public void setFile(File file) {
this.file = file;
}
public String getFileContentType() {
return fileContentType;
}
public void setFileContentType(String fileContentType) {
this.fileContentType = fileContentType;
}
public String getFileFileName() {
return fileFileName;
}
public void setFileFileName(String fileFileName) {
this.fileFileName = fileFileName;
}
}
②、配置(struts-sy.xml)：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--
namespace:在内存中划分具体的控件
name:给package包取个名字
-->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="interAction" class="com.zking.five.InterceptorAction">
<interceptor-ref name="oneInter"></interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="twoInter"></interceptor-ref>
</action>
<action name="uploadAction_*" class="com.zking.five.UploadAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
③、展示页面（jsp）：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
<h1>struts的上传下载</h1>
<!-- enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" 指定是复杂的表单 -->
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/uploadAction_upload.action" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file">
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>
</html>
④、最后的展示结果：
ps：上面的只是定死的。
4、要从数据库中调用图片，上传图片：
①、首先需要在表中加入图片名称（name）和图片类型(type)，也可以自己定义
②、在实体类中加入这两个列
③、在dao方法中加入一个根据id修改图片名称和图片类型的方法
public void upload(Student student) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, SQLException {
String sql = "update t_struts_student set type=?,name=? where sid=?";
super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"type","name","sid"}, student);
}
④、在action里面需要修改方法
package com.zking.five;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.zking.test.dao.StudentDAO;
import com.zking.test.entity.Student;
import com.zking.test.web.BaseAction;
/**
* 文件上传的三种方案
* 1、将上传的文件以二进制的形式存放到数据库 oa系统 activiti工作流框架
* 2、将文件上传到文件服务器（硬盘足够大）中
* 3、将文件上传到tomcat所在的普通web服务器
*
* 真实路径与虚拟路径的概念
* 1、所谓真是路径指的是在自己电脑上能够找到的路径
* 2、所谓虚拟，在自己的电脑上是看不到的，路径在别人的电脑（tomcat所在位置）上能够看到
* @author PSS
*
*/
public class UploadAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Student>{
private Student student = new Student();
private StudentDAO studenDAO = new StudentDAO();
private File file;//变量名指的是jsp的name属性,就是你要上传的文件 xxx
private String fileContentType;//xxxContentType
private String fileFileName;//xxxFileName
private String serverDir = "/upload";
public String upload() {
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +fileFileName);
System.out.println(fileContentType);
System.out.println(fileFileName);
System.out.println(realPath);
System.out.println(student.getSid());
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File(realPath));
/**
* 参数1:本地图片文件
* 参数2:在服务器生成的文件
*/
student.setType(fileContentType);
student.setName(fileFileName);
this.studenDAO.upload(student);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return SUCCESS;
}
/**
* 获取Linux下的上传文件的具体所在位置
* @param path
* @return
*/
private String getRealPath(String path) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return application.getRealPath(path);
}
public String openAs() {
response.setContentType(student.getType());
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","filename=" + student.getName());
System.out.println(student.getName());
System.out.println(student.getType());
/**
* 将远程的图片输出到本地
* 数据源inputstream:远程 new file(realPath)
* 目的:输出到本地的jsp response.getOutputStream()
*/
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +student.getName());
try {
// FileUtils.copyFile(new File(realPath), response.getOutputStream());
BufferedInputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(realPath)));
BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
copyStream(in, out);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
private void copyStream(BufferedInputStream in,BufferedOutputStream out) throws IOException {
byte[] bbuf = new byte[1024];
int len = 0;
try {
while((len = in.read(bbuf))!=-1) {
out.write(bbuf, 0, len);
}
in.close();
out.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
public String download() {
response.setContentType(student.getType());
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=" + student.getName());
/**
* 将远程的图片输出到本地
* 数据源inputstream:远程 new file(realPath)
* 目的:输出到本地的jsp response.getOutputStream()
*/
String realPath = getRealPath(serverDir + "/" +student.getName());
try {
FileUtils.copyFile(new File(realPath), response.getOutputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public void setFile(File file) {
this.file = file;
}
public String getFileContentType() {
return fileContentType;
}
public void setFileContentType(String fileContentType) {
this.fileContentType = fileContentType;
}
public String getFileFileName() {
return fileFileName;
}
public void setFileFileName(String fileFileName) {
this.fileFileName = fileFileName;
}
@Override
public Student getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return student;
}
}
⑤、配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--
namespace:在内存中划分具体的控件
name:给package包取个名字
-->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="clazzAction" class="com.zking.test.web.ClazzAction"></action>
<action name="studentAction_*" class="com.zking.test.web.StudentAction" method="{1}">
<result name="list">/jsp/listStudent.jsp</result>
<result name="add">/jsp/addStudent.jsp</result>
<result name="edit">/jsp/editStudent.jsp</result>
<result name="success" type="redirect">/sy/studentAction_list.action</result>
</action>
<action name="uploadAction_*" class="com.zking.five.UploadAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success" type="redirect">/sy/studentAction_list.action</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
⑥、jsp页面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ include file="/jsp/common/head.jsp" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>List</h1>
<!-- var是非根对象 -->
<s:action name="clazzAction" namespace="/sy" var="clazzList"></s:action>
<s:form namespace="/sy" action="studentAction_list">
<s:textfield label="姓名" name="sname"/>
<s:select label="班级" name="cid" list="#clazzList.result" listKey="cid" listValue="cname" headerKey="" headerValue="===请选择==="></s:select>
<s:submit value="ok"></s:submit>
</s:form>
<s:url namespace="/sy" action="studentAction_toAdd" var="toAddUrl"></s:url>
<s:a href="%{#toAddUrl}">新增</s:a>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>序号</td>
<td>学号</td>
<td>姓名</td>
<td>拼音</td>
<td>图片</td>
<td>性别</td>
<td>标记</td>
<td>班级</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<s:iterator var="s" value="result">
<tr>
<td>序号</td>
<td><s:property value="#s.sid"/></td>
<td><s:property value="#s.sname"/></td>
<td><s:property value="#s.spin"/></td>
<td>
<s:url var="openAsUrl" namespace="/sy" action="uploadAction_openAs.action">
<s:param name="name" value="#s.name"></s:param>
<s:param name="type" value="#s.type"></s:param>
</s:url>
<img alt="" src='<s:property value="openAsUrl"/>' width="60px" height="60px">
</td>
<td><s:property value="#s.sex"/></td>
<td><s:property value="#s.mark"/></td>
<td><s:property value="#s.cname"/></td>
<td>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/uploadAction_upload.action" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="hidden" name="sid" value='<s:property value="#s.sid"/>'/>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
<s:url var="downloadUrl" namespace="/sy" action="uploadAction_download.action">
<s:param name="name" value="#s.name"></s:param>
<s:param name="type" value="#s.type"></s:param>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{#downloadUrl}">下载</s:a>
<s:url namespace="/sy" action="studentAction_toEdit" var="toEditUrl">
<s:param name="sid" value="#s.sid"></s:param>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{#toEditUrl}">修改</s:a>
<s:url namespace="/sy" action="studentAction_delete" var="toDeleteUrl">
<s:param name="sid" value="#s.sid"></s:param>
</s:url>
<s:a href="%{#toDeleteUrl}">删除</s:a>
</td>
</tr>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html>
⑦、展示的结果：
ps:可能会有些长，但是还是很详细的。
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