基于Spring Security添加流控

基于Spring Security添加流控的过程：

步骤1: 添加依赖

确保项目中包含了Spring Security和Sentinel-Core的相关依赖。在Maven项目中，可以在pom.xml中添加如下依赖：

<!-- Spring Security -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Sentinel-Core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
    <artifactId>sentinel-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.8.6</version> <!-- 根据最新版本调整 -->
</dependency>

步骤2: 初始化Sentinel配置

创建一个配置类来初始化Sentinel，并加载流控规则。使用@Configuration注解标记此配置类，并通过@PostConstruct注解的方法来确保在应用启动时执行初始化逻辑。FlowRule不支持通配符

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.init.InitFunc;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRule;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.flow.FlowRuleManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Configuration
public class SentinelConfig implements InitFunc {

    @Override
    public void init() throws Exception {
        loadFlowRules();
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void loadFlowRules() {
        List<FlowRule> rules = new ArrayList<>();
        
        // 通用限流规则
        FlowRule generalRule = new FlowRule("/abc")
                .setCount(100) // 一般接口的限流阈值
                .setGrade(FlowRule.Grade.QPS)
                .setControlBehavior(FlowRule.ControlBehavior.DEFAULT);
        rules.add(generalRule);

        // 白名单URL的特殊流控规则，假设允许较高流量
        FlowRule whitelistRule = new FlowRule("/api/public/bcd")
                .setCount(1000) // 较宽松的限流阈值
                .setGrade(FlowRule.Grade.QPS)
                .setControlBehavior(FlowRule.ControlBehavior.DEFAULT);
        rules.add(whitelistRule);

        FlowRuleManager.loadRules(rules);
    }
}

步骤3: 创建Sentinel过滤器

创建一个自定义过滤器，用于在请求处理前执行Sentinel的流量控制检查。

import org.springframework.web.filter.GenericFilterBean;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class SentinelSecurityFilter extends GenericFilterBean {

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
        String uri = request.getRequestURI();

        // 使用Sentinel进行流量控制检查
        Entry entry = null;
        try {
            entry = SphU.entry(uri);
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
        } catch (BlockException e) {
            response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_TOO_MANY_REQUESTS);
            response.getWriter().write("Too many requests.");
        } finally {
            if (entry != null) {
                entry.exit();
            }
        }
    }
}

步骤4: 集成到Spring Security

在Spring Security的配置中注册Sentinel过滤器，并配置安全规则。假设您已经有了一个Spring Security的配置类，如果没有，创建一个。

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

    @Bean
    public SentinelSecurityFilter sentinelSecurityFilter() {
        return new SentinelSecurityFilter();
    }

    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .csrf(csrf -> csrf.disable()) // 如果不需要CSRF保护，可以关闭
            .authorizeRequests(authz -> authz
                .antMatchers("/api/public/**").permitAll() // 白名单URL允许匿名访问
                .anyRequest().authenticated() // 其他请求需要认证
            )
            .addFilterBefore(sentinelSecurityFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) // Sentinel过滤器在JWT验证之前
            .formLogin(form -> form.disable()) // 禁用表单登录，根据需要调整
            .httpBasic(withDefaults()); // 或者根据需要配置HTTP Basic认证等
        return http.build();
    }
}

总结

1. 添加依赖：引入Spring Security和Sentinel-Core的依赖。
2. 配置Sentinel：通过@Configuration类初始化Sentinel并加载流控规则。
3. 创建Sentinel过滤器：自定义过滤器实现流量控制。
4. 集成Spring Security：配置类中注册过滤器并定义安全策略。

按照上述步骤，您可以基于Spring Security应用集成Sentinel-Core，实现流量控制，同时对白名单URL实施特殊处理。