米家蓝牙温湿度计2接入树莓派并通过homeassistant显示

一、准备条件

1.一台树莓派
2.更改系统源和pip源，并使树莓派可以实现远程桌面连接，我选择的是Xrdp

二、接入步骤

1.homeassistant的安装

以下内容在putty和终端上进行都可以，若要复制请复制 $ 后的内容
下面是homeassistant官方的手动安装文档，本文与官方文档一致：

在Raspberry Pi上手动安装

1.1更改树莓派密码

$ passwd

如果不更换密码后续将会出错

1.2更新系统

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade -y

1.3查看自己树莓派python和python3版本

$ python -V
$ python3 -V

由于homeassistant官方文档要求设备必须安装python 3.7.3以上版本，如果版本不是python 3.7.3以上的用户请自行安装python 3.7.3 或重新烧录raspberry Pi官网上最新的Raspberry Pi OS系统

1.4安装依赖

$sudo apt-get install python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-pip libffi-dev libssl-dev autoconf build-essential libopenjp2-7

1.5为homeassistant创建一个名为homeassistant的账户

$sudo useradd -rm homeassistant -G dialout,gpio,i2c

由于此帐户仅用于运行Home Assistant Core，-rm因此添加了额外的参数来创建系统帐户和创建主目录。该参数-G dialout,gpio,i2c将用户添加到dialout，gpio和i2c组。使用Z-Wave和Zigbee控制器需要第一个，而与Raspberry的GPIO通信则需要第二个。

1.6创建安装目录，并将此目录的所有者改为 homeassistant

$cd /srv
$sudo mkdir homeassistant
$sudo chown homeassistant:homeassistant homeassistant

1.7创建并进入到 homeassistant 虚拟环境

$sudo -u homeassistant -H -s
$cd /srv/homeassistant
$python3 -m venv .
$source bin/activate

1.8安装依赖的python包

$python3 -m pip install wheel

1.9安装HomeAssistant

$pip3 install homeassistant

1.10运行hass

$hass

此步骤可能比较慢，会自动安装缺少的配置文件，安装好后在浏览器中输入ip:8123即可

2. 设置homeassistant自动启动

2.1在终端命令行输入

$cd /etc/init.d/
$sudo nano hass-daemon

2.2之后将以下内容复制到hass-daemon中

#!/bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          hass
# Required-Start:    $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $local_fs $network $named $time $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Description:       Home\ Assistant
### END INIT INFO

# /etc/init.d Service Script for Home Assistant
# Created with: https://gist.github.com/naholyr/4275302#file-new-service-sh
PRE_EXEC="cd /srv/homeassistant; python3 -m venv .; source bin/activate;"
# Typically /usr/bin/hass
HASS_BIN="hass"
RUN_AS="homeassistant"
PID_DIR="/var/run/hass"
PID_FILE="$PID_DIR/hass.pid"
CONFIG_DIR="/var/opt/homeassistant"
LOG_DIR="/var/log/homeassistant"
LOG_FILE="$LOG_DIR/home-assistant.log"
FLAGS="-v --config $CONFIG_DIR --pid-file $PID_FILE --log-file $LOG_FILE --daemon"


start() {
  create_piddir
  if [ -f $PID_FILE ] && kill -0 $(cat $PID_FILE) 2> /dev/null; then
    echo 'Service already running' >&2
    return 1
  fi
  echo -n 'Starting service… ' >&2
  local CMD="$PRE_EXEC $HASS_BIN $FLAGS"
  su -s /bin/bash -c "$CMD" $RUN_AS
  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Failed" >&2
  else
    echo 'Done' >&2
  fi
}

stop() {
  if [ ! -f "$PID_FILE" ] || ! kill -0 $(cat "$PID_FILE") 2> /dev/null; then
    echo 'Service not running' >&2
    return 1
  fi
  echo -n 'Stopping service… ' >&2
  kill $(cat "$PID_FILE")
  while ps -p $(cat "$PID_FILE") > /dev/null 2>&1; do sleep 1;done;
  rm -f $PID_FILE
  echo 'Done' >&2
}

install() {
  echo "Installing Home Assistant Daemon (hass-daemon)"
  update-rc.d hass-daemon defaults
  create_piddir
  mkdir -p $CONFIG_DIR
  chown $RUN_AS $CONFIG_DIR
  mkdir -p $LOG_DIR
  chown $RUN_AS $LOG_DIR
}

uninstall() {
  echo "Are you really sure you want to uninstall this service? The INIT script will"
  echo -n "also be deleted! That cannot be undone. [yes|No] "
  local SURE
  read SURE
  if [ "$SURE" = "yes" ]; then
    stop
    remove_piddir
    echo "Notice: The config directory has not been removed"
    echo $CONFIG_DIR
    echo "Notice: The log directory has not been removed"
    echo $LOG_DIR
    update-rc.d -f hass-daemon remove
    rm -fv "$0"
    echo "Home Assistant Daemon has been removed. Home Assistant is still installed."
  fi
}

create_piddir() {
  if [ ! -d "$PID_DIR" ]; then
    mkdir -p $PID_DIR
    chown $RUN_AS "$PID_DIR"
  fi
}

remove_piddir() {
  if [ -d "$PID_DIR" ]; then
    if [ -e "$PID_FILE" ]; then
      rm -fv "$PID_FILE"
    fi
    rmdir -v "$PID_DIR"
  fi
}

case "$1" in
  start)
    start
    ;;
  stop)
    stop
    ;;
  install)
    install
    ;;
  uninstall)
    uninstall
    ;;
  restart)
    stop
    start
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|install|uninstall}"
esac

2.3将文件设置为可执行

$sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/hass-daemon

2.4注册自启动程序

$sudo service hass-daemon install

2.5重启系统

$sudo reboot

2.6在web端输入``树莓派IP:8123`即可访问homeassistant界面

3.Mosquitto安装

3.1更新一下系统，更新前记得更换pip和系统源

$sudo apt-get update
$sudo apt-get upgrade -y

3.2安装mosquitto和mosquitto client

$sudo apt-get mosquitto mosquitto-clients

3.3更改mosquitto设置

$sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/mqtt.conf

写入

$allow_anonymous false
$password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile mqtt

3.4设置用户名和密码

$sudo mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile 你喜欢的名字

3.5重启系统

$sudo reboot

3.6配置homeassistant的mqtt

打开configuration.yaml，根据安装目录而定

$sudo nano /home/homeassistant/.homeassistant/configuration.yaml

在文件中输入

mqtt:
  broker: 127.0.0.1
  port: 1883
  client_id: home-assistant-1
  keepalive: 60
  username: 自己设的
  password: 自己设的
  protocol: 3.1.1
  discovery:true
  discovery_prefix:homeassistant

4.米家蓝牙温度计通过树莓派接入MQTT并且被hass订阅

4.1安装bluez

sudo apt-get install bluetooth bluez blueman
sudo apt-get install python-bluez

4.2安装setuptools

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
wget http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
sudo python ez_setup.py

4.3下载压缩包（在树莓派上进行）
https://bbs.hassbian.com/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=MjA1MDV8NTBlZDM5MGJ8MTYwMTEzMjE1MXwzNzA4MHw5MDM3

解压缩

进入文件夹（执行 cd LYWSD03MMC_2MQTT ）

赋予可执行权限

chmod +x ./main.sh
chmod +x ./report.sh

写配置文件

sudo nano ./conf.cfg

写入

device_name=这里填设备名，自己写一个
device_MAC_Address=这里写小米温湿度计蓝牙MAC，格式近似AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF，米家app可查看
mqtt_host=这里写MQTT服务器地址，如果mqtt和homeassistant装在同一台机子上就写“localhost”（不含引号）
mqtt_username=这里写MQTT用户名，如果用的Homeassistant自带mqtt就写“homeassistant”（不含引号）
mqtt_passwd=这里写MQTT密码，如果用的Homeassistant自带mqtt就写你登录homeassistant用的密码
mqtt_port=这里写MQTT端口号，不知道就先写1883

执行 ./main.sh

效果如图所示