Linux安装python3

1. 如果Linux自带有python3需要更新指定版本的话，先把自带的删除，输入

rpm -qa|grep python3|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps

2. 卸载掉python3，然后删除所有剩余文件

whereis python3 |xargs rm -frv

3. 查看信息，如果没有提示版本信息则清理完成。

python3 --version

4. 安装依赖

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make

5. 安装python3

tar -zxvf Python-3.10.5.tgz

6. 编译构建python3

cd Python-3.10.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.10 && make && make install

7. 问题解决–centos7默认的openssl低于python3.10依赖版本，安装openssl11解决依赖版本问题。

yum install -y epel-release.noarch
yum install -y openssl11 openssl11-devel
rm -fr /usr/local/python3.10
tar xf Python-3.10.5.tgz
cd Python-3.10.5
#替换openssl 为openssl11
sed -i ‘s/PKG_CONFIG openssl /PKG_CONFIG openssl11 /g’ configure

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.10 && make && make install

7.1 解决一个问题 No module named ‘_ctypes’

yum install libffi-devel

8. 配置环境变量即可

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3
pip3 install pandas
pip3 install numpy
pip3 install matplotlib
pip3 install scipy
pip3 install -U scikit-learn

9. 安装jupyter notebook

pip3 install jupyter notebook

10. jupyter notebook设置远程访问

10.1 生成默认配置

jupyter notebook --generate-config

10.2 ipython生成密码

ipython
from notebook.auth import passwd
passwd()
‘111111’
‘111111’
返回一个hash密码

10.3 配置远程连接信息

vim ~/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py

c.NotebookApp.ip = ‘*’ # 允许访问此服务器的 IP，星号表示任意 IP
c.NotebookApp.password = ‘argon2:$argon2id$v=19$m=10240,t=10,p=8$QplvWXtYUtp4TlXS1T1urQ$xulqNxrIqlJmCPrBHd7nGA’ # 之前生成的密码 hash 字串, 粘贴进去
c.NotebookApp.open_browser = False # 运行时不打开本机浏览器
c.NotebookApp.port = 8890 # 使用的端口，随意设置，但是要记得你设定的这个端口
c.NotebookApp.enable_mathjax = True # 启用 MathJax
c.NotebookApp.allow_remote_access = True #允许远程访问
c.NotebookApp.allow_root = True

11. 启动jupyter notebook

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/jupyter-notebook /usr/local/bin/jupyter-notebook
jupyter-notebook