org.springframework.jdbc.core.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
类是一个具有基本JDBC操作的模板类,允许使用命名参数而不是传统的’?
‘占位符。 这个类代表一个包装的JdbcTemplate
,在执行时完成从命名参数占位符替换为JDBC样式’?
‘ 占位符。它还允许将值列表扩展到适当数量的占位符。
使用到的 Student
表的结构如下 -
CREATE TABLE Student(
ID INT NOT NULL auto_increment,
NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
DESCRIPTION LONGTEXT DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
类的声明
以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
接口的声明 -
public class NamedParameterJdbcTemplate implements NamedParameterJdbcOperations
语法
public void updateDescription(Integer id, String description) {
MapSqlParameterSource in = new MapSqlParameterSource();
in.addValue("id",id);
in.addValue("description", new SqlLobValue(description, new DefaultLobHandler()), Types.CLOB);
String sql = "update Student set description = :description where id = :id";
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,in);
System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id);
}
在上代码中,
- in -
SqlParameterSource
对象将参数传递给更新查询。 - SqlLobValue - 表示SQL
BLOB/CLOB
值参数的对象。 - jdbcTemplateObject -
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
对象来更新数据库中的Student
对象。
实例项目
要了解上述与Spring JDBC相关的概念,下面我们编写一个使用NamedParameterJdbcTemplate
来更新Student
对象。按照以下步骤创建一个Spring应用程序,这里创建一个名称为:NamedParameterJdbcTemplate 的项目。
以下是Maven配置文件:pom.xml的代码内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ray</groupId>
<artifactId>NamedParameterJdbcTemplate</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.45</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以下是数据访问对象接口文件:StudentDAO.java的内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-10 8:48
**/
public interface StudentDAO {
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource);
public List<Student> listStudents();
public void updateDescription(Integer id,String description);
public void create(String name,Integer age);
}
以下是文件:Student.java的代码内容:
/**
* @author Ray
* @create 2018-03-10 8:55
**/
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
private Integer id;
private String description;
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
}
以下是文件:StudentMapper.java的代码内容:
/**
* Created by Ray on 2018/3/10 0010.
**/
public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper{
public Object mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
student.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
student.setAge(resultSet.getInt("age"));
student.setDescription(resultSet.getString("description"));
return student;
}
}
实现类StudentJDBCTemplate.java
实现了定义的DAO接口 - StudentDAO.java
,以下是文件:StudentJDBCTemplate.java的代码内容:
/**
* Created by Ray on 2018/3/10 0010.
**/
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
public List<Student> listStudents() {
String sql = "select * from student";
List<Student> students = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new StudentMapper());
return students;
}
public void updateDescription(Integer id, String description) {
MapSqlParameterSource in = new MapSqlParameterSource();
in.addValue("id",id);
in.addValue("description", new SqlLobValue(description, new DefaultLobHandler()), Types.CLOB);
String sql = "update Student set description = :description where id = :id";
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,in);
System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id);
}
public void create(String name, Integer age) {
String insertQuery = "insert into student(name,age,description) values(?,?,NULL)";
jdbcTemplate.update(insertQuery,name,age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
}
}
以下是文件:MainApp.java的代码内容:
/**
* Created by Ray on 2018/3/10 0010.
**/
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");
StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu",21);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry",22);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Suzend",23);
// 更新描述
studentJDBCTemplate.updateDescription(1,"test");
studentJDBCTemplate.updateDescription(2,"2018-3-10 09:26:24");
System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");
List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record: students
) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());
System.out.print(",Name : " + record.getName());
System.out.print(",Age : " + record.getAge());
System.out.println(",Description : " + record.getDescription());
}
}
}
以下是文件:application-beans.xml的代码内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</bean>
<bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.ray.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
</beans>
注意: application-beans.xml 文件的位置是:{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目录,如果放置错了,程序可能会因为找不到此配置文件而出错。
完成创建源代码和bean和数据库连接信息的文件配置后,运行应用程序。这里先简单说明一下运行的步骤,在项目名称(NamedParameterJdbcTemplate)上点击右键,在弹出的菜单中选择:【Run As】-> 【Maven test】
在运行测试成功后,应该会输出类似以下内容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的信息) 。
接下来,点击类文件:MainApp.java 选择【Run As】->【Java Application】,如果应用程序一切正常,这将打印以下结果:
"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\bin\java" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.3.4\lib\idea_rt.jar=60776:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2017.3.4\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_161\jre\lib\rt.jar;C:\Users\2018\IdeaProjects\NamedParameterJdbcTemplate\target\classes;F:\drive\MVN\junit\junit\3.8.1\junit-3.8.1.jar;F:\drive\MVN\mysql\mysql-connector-java\5.1.45\mysql-connector-java-5.1.45.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-jdbc\4.1.0.RELEASE\spring-jdbc-4.1.0.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-beans\4.1.0.RELEASE\spring-beans-4.1.0.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-core\4.1.0.RELEASE\spring-core-4.1.0.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\commons-logging\commons-logging\1.1.3\commons-logging-1.1.3.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-tx\4.1.0.RELEASE\spring-tx-4.1.0.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-context\4.1.4.RELEASE\spring-context-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-aop\4.1.4.RELEASE\spring-aop-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar;F:\drive\MVN\aopalliance\aopalliance\1.0\aopalliance-1.0.jar;F:\drive\MVN\org\springframework\spring-expression\4.1.4.RELEASE\spring-expression-4.1.4.RELEASE.jar" com.ray.MainApp
三月 10, 2018 9:40:02 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@238e0d81: startup date [Sat Mar 10 09:40:02 CST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
三月 10, 2018 9:40:03 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [application-beans.xml]
三月 10, 2018 9:40:03 上午 org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource setDriverClassName
信息: Loaded JDBC driver: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21
Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22
Created Record Name = Suzend Age = 23
Updated Record with ID = 1
Updated Record with ID = 2
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1,Name : Maxsu,Age : 21,Description : test
ID : 2,Name : Curry,Age : 22,Description : 2018-3-10 09:26:24
ID : 3,Name : Suzend,Age : 23,Description : null
Process finished with exit code 0