C++ 读取bmp内容

最近在写b站的弹幕，首先碰到的就是如何将图片显示。

后来发现b站弹幕底层用的是flash的bitmap来将图像显示。大致的流程是

输入一串base64加密的字符串->extract取出所有的pixel->Bitmap.setpixel进行显示

这里直接贴出代码

function extract(data) {
    var bmd = Bitmap.createBitmapData(1, 1);
    var output = bmd.getPixels(bmd.rect);
    output.clear();
    var dataBuffer = [];
    dataBuffer.length = 4;
    var outputBuffer = [];
    outputBuffer.length = 3;
    for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
        for (var j = 0; j < 4 && i + j < data.length; j++) {
            dataBuffer[j] = BASE64_CHARS.indexOf(data.charAt(i + j));
        }
        outputBuffer[0] = (dataBuffer[0] << 2) + ((dataBuffer[1] & 0x30) >> 4);
        outputBuffer[1] = ((dataBuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 4) + ((dataBuffer[2] & 0x3c) >> 2);
        outputBuffer[2] = ((dataBuffer[2] & 0x03) << 6) + dataBuffer[3];
        for (var k = 0; k < outputBuffer.length; k++) {
            if (dataBuffer[k + 1] == 64) break;
            output.writeByte(outputBuffer[k]);
        }
    }

    output.position = 0;
    return output;
}

上述代码用来将base64字符串生成一个所有图像数据的一维数组。

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    stringstream ss("");
    ifstream in("文件位置", ios::in | ios::binary);
    if (! in.is_open())
    {
        cout << "Error opening file";
        exit (1);
    }

    int num[4], cnt = 0, thresh = 0;
    int temp, width_cnt = 0;
    long length = LONG_MAX - 54;
    char buf[10] = "";
     long width = 0, height = 0;
    while (!in.eof() && cnt < length + 54) {
        if (cnt == 18) {
            in.read((char *) &width, 4);
            in.read((char *) &height, 4);
            length = (width + 4 - width % 4) * height * 3;
//            cout<<"size:"<<width<<" * "<<height<<endl;
            cnt += 8;
            continue;
        }
        if (cnt >= 54) {
            thresh = 0;
            width_cnt ++;
            for (int i = 2; i >= 0; i--) {
                in.read((char *)(&num[i+1]), 1);
                thresh += num[i+1];
                cnt++;
            }
            
            if (thresh == 255 * 3) {
                num[0] = 0;
            } else {
                num[0] = 255;
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                sprintf(buf, "%02x", num[i]);
                ss<<buf<<" ";
            }
            if (width_cnt == width) {
                if (width_cnt < (width + 4 - width % 4) && width % 4) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 4 - width % 4; ++i) {
                        in.read((char *)(&temp), 1);
                    }
                }
                width_cnt = 0;
                continue;
            }
        } else {
            in.read((char *)(&temp), 1);
            cnt++;
        }
    }
    string result = ss.str();
//    reverse(result.begin(), result.end());
    cout<<result;
    
    return 0;
}

上述C++代码通过读取bmp将每个像素RGB对应的byte以16进制的方式打印出来。

bmp的格式在18字节处存储了宽高的信息，从第54字节处是所有实际的图像数据。

需要注意的是bmp是4字节对齐的，所以遇到不是4字节对齐的长宽需要额外处理。