实验拓扑:![](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/1f7606667c56446383d1847dd0542f59.png)
实验要求:
1、AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;
AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;最终要求这两个环回可以ping通;
2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分;并且其内部配置OSPF协议
3、AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制;
4、使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问;
5、减少路由条目数量,避免环路出现;
实验步骤:
1.配置IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 32
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
2.配置内网通,使用OSPF
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3]ospf 1 rou
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R4]ospf 1 rou
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5]ospf 1 rou
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6]ospf 1 rou
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7]ospf 1 rou
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
测试:r7环回ping一下到r2环回
3.配置BGP
(1)EBGP建邻(R4和R7可以不建邻)
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as-number 3
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as-number 2
(2)IBGP建邻
R2:
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
R5:
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
R6:
R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
4、配置反射器(将R3和R6作为反射器)
R3:
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
R6:
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client
5、BGP宣告所有环回(除192.168.1.0/24和192.168.2.0/24)
大范围宣告
(1)在R2和R7上配置一个防环(ip rou-sta 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0)
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
6、R1和环回和R8的环回互访(VPN隧道)
[R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2
[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1
测试: