andriod之客户端连接服务端通信

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 13:14:39 发布

qa962839575

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 13:14:39 发布

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分类专栏： android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qa962839575/article/details/41927299

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主显示布局以及代码：

activity_main.xml：

（总结：1、这里犯了一个很大的错误：找了好久，真是血的教训啊，就是我写登陆事件的时候，本来是用一个工作线程去连接网络的，但是我没写new thread（），直接写代码了，但是andriod是不予许用主线程去连接网络的，所以就会报错，牢记啊。

2、关于更改ui的操作之类的，是不能再工作线程操作的，必须在主线程中操作，因为Android UI操作并不是线程安全的并且这些操作必须在UI线程（这里指的就是主线程）中执行，但是有一个UI控件列外：progressBar 是线程安全的。

3、progeressBar的更改值就写在工作线程了，然后可以在工作线程更改其值）

java代码：

package com.example.urlconnetion;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private EditText etUserName,etPassword;
private Handler handler;
private final static String PATH = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/Login_Servlet/Login_Servlet";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
init();
setListener();
}
private void setListener() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
findViewById(R.id.btLogin).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){//登陆监听事件

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(){

@Override
public void run() {
try{
String userName = etUserName.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(userName)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("用户名必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
String passWord = etPassword.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(passWord)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("密码必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(PATH);
userName = URLEncoder.encode(userName, "utf-8");
builder.append("?name="+userName+"&password="+passWord);
URL url = new URL(builder.toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setDoInput(true);//不设置也可以，默认值为true
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");//不设置也可以，默认为get方法,必须为大写
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
String returnString = "";
while(in.read(bs)!=-1){
returnString += new String(bs);
}
//主线程处理ui显示 ---start
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("返回信息："+returnString);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
//主线程处理ui显示 ---end
Log.i("main", "返回信息："+returnString);
in.close();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
String ee = e.getMessage();
Log.i("main", "错误信息："+e.getMessage());
}
}

}.start();
}

});

findViewById(R.id.btQuery).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {//查询事件监听

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
new Thread(){
public void run(){
try{
String userName = etUserName.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(userName)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("用户名必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
String name = "name="+userName;
byte[] namebyte = name.getBytes("utf-8");
URL url = new URL(PATH);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//一定要设置，默认为get方法，一定要大写
conn.setDoOutput(true);//默认为false，所以一定要设置
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(namebyte);
out.flush();
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
byte[] bs = new byte[1024];
String returnString = "";
while(in.read(bs)!=-1){
returnString += new String(bs);
}
//主线程处理ui显示 ---start
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("返回信息："+returnString);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
//主线程处理ui显示 ---end
Log.i("main", "返回信息："+returnString);
in.close();
out.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
String ee = e.getMessage();
Log.i("main", "错误信息："+e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
});

}
private void init() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.etUserName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etUserName);
this.etPassword = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etPassword);
handler = new Handler(){

@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String recivemsg = (String) msg.obj;
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,recivemsg, 20000).show();
}

};
}
}

菜单列表文件：AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.urlconnetion"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>//设置上网的权限
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>

</manifest>

效果：

sevlet相关代码：

servlet的java代码

package com.litsoft.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;

import com.litsoft.entity.User;

/**
* Servlet implementation class Login_servlet
*/

public class Login_servlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
/**
* Default constructor.
*/
public Login_servlet() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
users.add(new User("张飞","1234567"));
users.add(new User("李四","1234567"));
users.add(new User("王菲","1234567"));
users.add(new User("李菲菲","1234567"));
System.out.println("初始化 servlet");
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("get方法");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
if(name == null){
return;
}
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
for (int i=0;i<users.size();i++){
User user = users.get(i);
if(name.equals(user.getName())&&password.equals(user.getPassword())){
String returnString = "{name:"+user.getName()+",password:"+user.getPassword()+"}";
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(returnString);
out.flush();
out.close();
// ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
// om.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(), user);
}
}

}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("post方法");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
if(name==null){
return;
}
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
List<User> resultList = new ArrayList<User>();
for(int i=0;i<users.size();i++){
User user = users.get(i);
String userName = user.getName();
if(userName.indexOf(name)!=-1){
resultList.add(user);
}
}
String returnString = "[";
for (int i=0;i<resultList.size();i++){
User user = resultList.get(i);
returnString +="{name:"+user.getName()+",password:"+user.getPassword()+"}";
}
returnString +="]";
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.print(returnString);
out.flush();
out.close();
}

}

user类：

package com.litsoft.entity;

public class User {
private String name;
private String password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public User(String name, String password) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}

}

web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<display-name>Login_Servlet</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Login_Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.litsoft.servlet.Login_servlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Login_Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/Login_Servlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

------------------------------------------------用json工具版本----------------------------------------------

（总结：刚才在andriod客户端转换user时，总是报错，然后查找原因，原来是user没有写默认构造器，所以报错了，以后要加上默认构造器），相关的jar在我的资源里找

布局和上面一样：

andriod客户端java代码：

package com.example.urlconnetion;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.List;

import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;

import com.litsoft.entity.User;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
private EditText etUserName,etPassword;
private Handler handler;
private final static String PATH = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/Login_Servlet/Login_Servlet";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
init();
setListener();
}
private void setListener() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub
findViewById(R.id.btLogin).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){//登陆监听事件

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
new Thread(){

@Override
public void run() {
try{
String userName = etUserName.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(userName)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("用户名必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
String passWord = etPassword.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(passWord)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("密码必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(PATH);
userName = URLEncoder.encode(userName, "utf-8");
builder.append("?name="+userName+"&password="+passWord);
URL url = new URL(builder.toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setDoInput(true);//不设置也可以，默认值为true
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");//不设置也可以，默认为get方法,必须为大写
if(conn.getResponseCode()!=200){
return ;
}
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
User user = om.readValue(conn.getInputStream(), User.class);
String returnString = user.toString();
//主线程处理ui显示 ---start
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("返回信息："+returnString);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
//主线程处理ui显示 ---end
Log.i("main", "返回信息："+returnString);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
String ee = e.getMessage();
Log.i("main", "错误信息："+e.getMessage());
}
}

}.start();
}

});

findViewById(R.id.btQuery).setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

@Override
public void onClick(View view) {//设置查询监听
new Thread(){
public void run(){
try{
String userName = etUserName.getText().toString();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(userName)){
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("用户名必填");
handler.sendMessage(msg);
return;
}
String name = "name="+userName;
byte[] namebyte = name.getBytes("utf-8");
URL url = new URL(PATH);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setReadTimeout(5000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");//一定要设置，默认为get方法，一定要大写
conn.setDoOutput(true);//默认为false，所以一定要设置
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(namebyte);
out.flush();
if(conn.getResponseCode()!=200){
return ;
}
ObjectMapper om=new ObjectMapper();
List list = om.readValue(conn.getInputStream(),List.class);
String returnString = list.toString();
//主线程处理ui显示 ---start
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = new String ("返回信息："+returnString);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
//主线程处理ui显示 ---end
Log.i("main", "返回信息："+returnString);
}catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
String ee = e.getMessage();
Log.i("main", "错误信息："+e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
});

}
private void init() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.etUserName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etUserName);
this.etPassword = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etPassword);
handler = new Handler(){

@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String recivemsg = (String) msg.obj;
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,recivemsg, 20000).show();
}

};
}
}

user类：

package com.litsoft.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable{
private String name;
private String password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public User(String name, String password) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
}
public User() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
}

servlet代码：

package com.litsoft.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;

import com.litsoft.entity.User;

/**
* Servlet implementation class Login_servlet
*/

public class Login_servlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
/**
* Default constructor.
*/
public Login_servlet() {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
users.add(new User("张飞","1234567"));
users.add(new User("李四","1234567"));
users.add(new User("王菲","1234567"));
users.add(new User("李菲菲","1234567"));
System.out.println("初始化 servlet");
}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("get方法");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
if(name == null){
return;
}
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
for (int i=0;i<users.size();i++){
User user = users.get(i);
if(name.equals(user.getName())&&password.equals(user.getPassword())){
//这里用的是json工具，不用自己拼接成json了---start
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(), user);
//这里用的是json工具，不用自己拼接成json了---end
break;
}
}

}

/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("post方法");
String name = request.getParameter("name");
if(name==null){
return;
}
name = new String(name.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
List<User> resultList = new ArrayList<User>();
for(int i=0;i<users.size();i++){
User user = users.get(i);
String userName = user.getName();
if(userName.indexOf(name)!=-1){
resultList.add(user);
}
}
//这里用的是json工具，不用自己拼接成json了---start
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.writeValue(response.getOutputStream(),resultList);
//这里用的是json工具，不用自己拼接成json了---end
}

}

user对象：

----------------------------------------------------以下是网上资料---------------------------------------------------------------------

1)让Android模拟器支持中文输入法

settings -> language & keyboard -> "选中"谷歌拼音输入法

如下图:

Android模拟器切换中文输入法

2、可以在上面拉下来，选择输入法，然后开始用：

对于ui线程的相关资料：

1、为什么说invalidate()不能直接在线程中调用？
答：
    Android提供了Invalidate方法实现界面刷新，但是Invalidate不能直接在非UI主线程中调用，因为他是违背了单线程模型：Android UI操作并不是线程安全的，并且这些操作必须在UI线程中调用。例如：在非UI线程中调用invalidate会导致线程不安全，也就是说可能在非UI线程中刷新界面的时候，UI线程(或者其他非UI线程)也在刷新界面，这样就导致多个界面刷新的操作不能同步，导致线程不安全
2、它是怎么违背单线程的？
答：一个 Android 程序开始运行时，就有一个主线程Main Thread被创建。该线程主要负责UI界面的显示、更新和控件交互，所以又叫UI Thread。由于只有UI线程更新界面所以说
Android是单线程模型。   一个Android程序创建之初，一个Process呈现的是单线程模型--即Main Thread，在非主线程（UI线程）外调invalidate()刷新界面出现异常，即是说用其他的线程更新UI，android中是不被允许的。
3、android ui为什么说不是线程安全的？
答：android UI 中提供invalidate（）来更新界面，而invalidate（）方法是线程不安全。
4、android ui操作为什么一定要在UI线程中执行？
答：UI主线程是更新UI界面的，更新了界面才能看到运行的效果。
     再者Android UI操作并不是线程安全的并且这些操作必须在UI线程中执行。如果在子线程中直接修改UI，会导致异常。

在 setProgress 的源码中，首先会判断当前线程是否为主UI线程，若是主UI线程则直接调用 doRefreshProgress 方法更新进度；若不是主UI线程则会先创建一个RefreshProgressRunnable 对象，然后调用 view 的 post(Runnable action) 方法，将 RefreshProgressRunnable 放到主UI线程的消息队列等待处理。所以更新进度的时候，在不在主线程调用setProgress 方法是没有影响的。同理，SeekBar、ProgressDialog 也是可以在子线程直接更新进度的。