Oracle基础-表的增删改查

1.创建表 create table

-- 创建表: student_info 属主: scott (默认当前用户)
create table scott.student_info (
  sno         number(10) constraint pk_si_sno primary key,
  sname       varchar2(10),
  sex         varchar2(2),
  create_date date
);
-- 添加注释
comment on table scott.student_info is '学生信息表';
comment on column scott.student_info.sno is '学号';
comment on column scott.student_info.sname is '姓名';
comment on column scott.student_info.sex is '性别';
comment on column scott.student_info.create_date is '创建日期';
-- 语句授权，如：给 hr 用户下列权限
grant select, insert, update, delete on scott.student_info to hr;

2.插入数据

-- 插入
insert into scott.student_info (sno, sname, sex, create_date)
values (1, '张三', '男', sysdate);
insert into scott.student_info (sno, sname, sex, create_date)
values (2, '李四', '女', sysdate);
insert into scott.student_info (sno, sname, sex, create_date)
values (3, '王五', '男', sysdate);
-- 修改
update scott.student_info si
   set si.sex = '女'
 where si.sno = 3;
-- 删除 
delete scott.student_info si where si.sno = 1; 
-- 提交
commit; 
-- 查询
select * from scott.student_info;

3.修改表 alter table

1. '增加' 一列或者多列
   alter table scott.student_info add address varchar2(50);
   alter table scott.student_info add (id_type varchar2(2), id_no varchar2(10));
2. '修改' 一列或者多列
   (1) 数据类型
   alter table scott.student_info modify address varchar2(100);
   alter table scott.student_info modify (id_type varchar(20), id_no varchar2(20));
   (2) 列名
   alter table scott.student_info rename column address to new_address;
   (3) 表名
   alter table scott.student_info rename to new_student_info ;
   alter table scott.new_student_info rename to student_info;   
3. '删除' 一列或者多列，删除多列时，不需要关键字 column
   alter table scott.student_info drop column sex;
   alter table scott.student_info drop (id_type, id_no);

4. 删除表 drop table

-- 删除表结构
drop table scott.student_info;

5.清空表 truncate table

-- 清空表数据
truncate table scott.student_info;