Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
map.put(“数据” + i, i);
}
①只获取key值或者value值
1.获取key:keySet()
Set set = map.keySet();
for (String s : set) {
System.out.println(s);
}
2.获取value:values()
Collection values = map.values();
for (Integer value : values) {
System.out.println(value);
}
②同时获取key和value
1.使用keySet()先获取key,再使用get(key)获取value (性能低,不推荐)
Set set1 = map.keySet();
for (String s : set1) {
System.out.println(s + “–” + map.get(s));
}
2.使用entrySet() (性能高,推荐使用)
Set<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> entries = map.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : entries) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + “–” + entry.getValue());
}
③使用Iterator遍历
优点:在用foreach遍历map时,如果改变其大小,会报错,但如果只是删除元素,可以使用Iterator的remove方法删除元素
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, Integer> next = iterator.next();
System.out.println(next.getKey() + “–” + next.getValue());
}
④使用Lambda遍历
java8开始提供,书写简洁,性能低于entrySet()
map.forEach((key, value) -> {
System.out.println(key + “–” + value);
})
几种方法测试时间:
测试代码:
public void test1() {
Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
map.put("数据" + i, i);
}
long begin1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Set<String> set = map.keySet();
for (String s : set) {
System.out.println(s);
}
long end1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long begin2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Collection<Integer> values = map.values();
for (Integer value : values) {
System.out.println(value);
}
long end2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long begin3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Set<String> set1 = map.keySet();
for (String s : set1) {
System.out.println(s + "--" + map.get(s));
}
long end3 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long begin4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Set<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> entries = map.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : entries) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--" + entry.getValue());
}
long end4 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long begin5 = System.currentTimeMillis();
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry<String, Integer> next = iterator.next();
System.out.println(next.getKey() + "--" + next.getValue());
}
long end5 = System.currentTimeMillis();
long begin6 = System.currentTimeMillis();
map.forEach((key, value) -> {
System.out.println(key + "--" + value);
});
long end6 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("keySet:" + (end1 - begin1));
System.out.println("values:" + (end2 - begin2));
System.out.println("keySet+get(key):" + (end3 - begin3));
System.out.println("entrySet:" + (end4 - begin4));
System.out.println("entrySet.iterator:" + (end5 - begin5));
System.out.println("Lambda:" + (end6 - begin6));
}