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# 定义ResNet50/101/152的残差结构，为1x1+3x3+1x1的卷积
class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    # expansion是指在每个小残差块内，减小尺度增加维度的倍数，如64*4=256
    # Bottleneck层输出通道是输入的4倍
    expansion = 4
    # init()：进行初始化，申明模型中各层的定义
    # downsample=None对应实线残差结构，否则为虚线残差结构，专门用来改变x的通道数
    def __init__(self, in_channel, out_channel, stride=1, downsample=None,
                 groups=1, width_per_group=64):
        super(Bottleneck, self).__init__()

        width = int(out_channel * (width_per_group / 64.)) * groups

        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=in_channel, out_channels=width,
                               kernel_size=1, stride=1, bias=False)
        # 使用批量归一化
        self.bn1 = nn.BatchNorm2d(width)

        self.conv2 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=width,out_channels=width, groups=groups,kernel_size=3, stride=stride, bias=False, padding=1)
        self.bn2 = nn.BatchNorm2d(width)
      
        self.conv3 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels=width, out_channels=out_channel * self.expansion,kernel_size=1, stride=1, bias=False)
        self.bn3 = nn.BatchNorm2d(out_channel * self.expansion
        # 使用ReLU作为激活函数
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.downsample = downsample

    # forward()：定义前向传播过程,描述了各层之间的连接关系
    def forward(self, x):
        # 残差块保留原始输入
        identity = x
        # 如果是虚线残差结构，则进行下采样
        if self.downsample is not None:
            identity = self.downsample(x)

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv3(out)
        out = self.bn3(out)
        # 主分支与shortcut分支数据相加
        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out