uboot分析之第二阶段:
///各部分初始化入口序列///
typedef int (init_fnc_t) (void);
init_fnc_t *init_sequence[] = {
#if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_CPU_INIT)
arch_cpu_init, /* basic arch cpu dependent setup */
#endif
board_init, /* basic board dependent setup */
#if defined(CONFIG_USE_IRQ)
interrupt_init, /* set up exceptions */
#endif
timer_init, /* initialize timer */
env_init, /* initialize environment */
init_baudrate, /* initialze baudrate settings */
serial_init, /* serial communications setup */
console_init_f, /* stage 1 init of console */
display_banner, /* say that we are here */
#if defined(CONFIG_DISPLAY_CPUINFO)
print_cpuinfo, /* display cpu info (and speed) */
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_DISPLAY_BOARDINFO)
checkboard, /* display board info */
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_HARD_I2C) || defined(CONFIG_SOFT_I2C)
init_func_i2c,
#endif
dram_init, /* configure available RAM banks */
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_PCI) || defined (CONFIG_PCI)
arm_pci_init,
#endif
display_dram_config,
NULL,
};
///全局变量gd的定义
typedef struct bd_info {
int bi_baudrate; /* serial console baudrate */
unsigned long bi_ip_addr; /* IP Address */
struct environment_s *bi_env;
ulong bi_arch_number; /* unique id for this board */
ulong bi_boot_params; /* where this board expects params */
struct /* RAM configuration */
{
ulong start;
ulong size;
} bi_dram[CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS];
} bd_t;
/* Keep it *SMALL* and remember to set CONFIG_SYS_GBL_DATA_SIZE > sizeof(gd_t)
*/
typedef struct global_data {
bd_t *bd;
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long baudrate;
unsigned long have_console; /* serial_init() was called */
unsigned long reloc_off; /* Relocation Offset */
unsigned long env_addr; /* Address of Environment struct */
unsigned long env_valid; /* Checksum of Environment valid? */
unsigned long fb_base; /* base address of frame buffer */
#ifdef CONFIG_VFD
unsigned char vfd_type; /* display type */
#endif
void **jt; /* jump table */
} gd_t;
#define DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR register volatile gd_t *gd asm ("r8")
//第二阶段入口函数start_armboot///
.globl _armboot_start
_armboot_start:
.word _start
/*
* Size of malloc() pool
*/
#define CONFIG_ENV_SIZE 0x10000 /* Total Size of Environment Sector */
#define CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN (CONFIG_ENV_SIZE + 128*1024)
void hang (void)
{
puts ("### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###\n");
for (;;);
}
void start_armboot (void)
{
init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr;
gd = (gd_t*)(_armboot_start - CONFIG_SYS_MALLOC_LEN - sizeof(gd_t));
memset ((void*)gd, 0, sizeof (gd_t));
gd->bd = (bd_t*)((char*)gd - sizeof(bd_t));
memset (gd->bd, 0, sizeof (bd_t));
/*设置全局变量gd的值*/
/*调用各部分初始化函数*/
for (init_fnc_ptr = init_sequence; *init_fnc_ptr; ++init_fnc_ptr) {
if ((*init_fnc_ptr)() != 0) {
hang ();
}
}
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NAND)
puts ("NAND: ");
nand_init(); /* go init the NAND */
#endif
/* initialize environment */
env_relocate ();
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_MULTI
serial_initialize();
#endif
stdio_init (); /* get the devices list going. */
jumptable_init ();
console_init_r (); /* fully init console as a device */
/* enable exceptions */
enable_interrupts ();
/* Initialize from environment *///getenv("name")函数返回name参数的地址
if ((s = getenv ("loadaddr")) != NULL) {
load_addr = simple_strtoul (s, NULL, 16);
}
#if defined(CONFIG_CMD_NET)
if ((s = getenv ("bootfile")) != NULL) {
copy_filename (BootFile, s, sizeof (BootFile));
}
#endif
puts ("Net: ");
eth_initialize(gd->bd);
/* main_loop() can return to retry autoboot, if so just run it again. */
for (;;) {
main_loop ();
}
/* NOT REACHED - no way out of command loop except booting */
}
进入main_loop函数
void main_loop (void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTDELAY) && (CONFIG_BOOTDELAY >= 0)
char *s;
int bootdelay;
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_BOOTDELAY) && (CONFIG_BOOTDELAY >= 0)
s = getenv ("bootdelay");
bootdelay = s ? (int)simple_strtol(s, NULL, 10) : CONFIG_BOOTDELAY;
debug ("### main_loop entered: bootdelay=%d\n\n", bootdelay);
s = getenv ("bootcmd");
debug ("### main_loop: bootcmd=\"%s\"\n", s ? s : "<UNDEFINED>");
if (bootdelay >= 0 && s && !abortboot (bootdelay)) {
run_command (s, 0);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_BOOTDELAY */
/*
* Main Loop for Monitor Command Processing
*/
for (;;){
len = readline (CONFIG_SYS_PROMPT);
flag = 0; /* assume no special flags for now */
if (len > 0)
strcpy (lastcommand, console_buffer);
else if (len == 0)
flag |= CMD_FLAG_REPEAT;
if (len == -1)
puts ("<INTERRUPT>\n");
else
rc = run_command (lastcommand, flag);
if (rc <= 0) {
/* invalid command or not repeatable, forget it */
lastcommand[0] = 0;
}
}
}
/根据配置和输入命令执行run_command函数//
/*
* Monitor Command Table
*/
struct cmd_tbl_s {
char *name; /* Command Name */
int maxargs; /* maximum number of arguments */
int repeatable; /* autorepeat allowed? */
/* Implementation function */
int (*cmd)(struct cmd_tbl_s *, int, int, char *[]);
char *usage; /* Usage message (short) */
#ifdef CONFIG_SYS_LONGHELP
char *help; /* Help message (long) */
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_AUTO_COMPLETE
/* do auto completion on the arguments */
int (*complete)(int argc, char *argv[], char last_char, int maxv, char *cmdv[]);
#endif
};
typedef struct cmd_tbl_s cmd_tbl_t;
/****************************************************************************
* returns:
* 1 - command executed, repeatable
* 0 - command executed but not repeatable, interrupted commands are
* always considered not repeatable
* -1 - not executed (unrecognized, bootd recursion or too many args)
* (If cmd is NULL or "" or longer than CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE-1 it is
* considered unrecognized)
*/
int run_command (const char *cmd, int flag)
{
cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp;
char cmdbuf[CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE]; /* working copy of cmd */
char *token; /* start of token in cmdbuf */
char *sep; /* end of token (separator) in cmdbuf */
char finaltoken[CONFIG_SYS_CBSIZE];
char *str = cmdbuf;
char *argv[CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS + 1]; /* NULL terminated */
int argc;
int repeatable = 1;
int rc = 0;
strcpy (cmdbuf, cmd);
token = str;
/* find macros in this token and replace them */
process_macros (token, finaltoken);
/* Extract arguments */
if ((argc = parse_line (finaltoken, argv)) == 0) {
rc = -1; /* no command at all */
continue;
}
/* Look up command in command table */
if ((cmdtp = find_cmd(argv[0])) == NULL) {
printf ("Unknown command '%s' - try 'help'\n", argv[0]);
rc = -1; /* give up after bad command */
continue;
}
/* OK - call function to do the command */
if ((cmdtp->cmd) (cmdtp, flag, argc, argv) != 0) {
rc = -1;
}
repeatable &= cmdtp->repeatable;
return rc ? rc : repeatable;
}
//uboot命令的实现///
//一个cmd_tbl_t结构体就代表一个uboot命令
//u-boot命令都在commom/目录下,文件一般是cmd_xxx.c
//以启动系统的命令bootm为例,实现文件为/common/目录下的cmd_bootm.c文件
//通过将所有的cmd_tbl_t定义个段属性Struct_Section,来将所有的cmd_tbl_t结构体有效的组织在一起
#define Struct_Section __attribute__ ((unused,section (".u_boot_cmd")))
#define U_BOOT_CMD(name,maxargs,rep,cmd,usage,help) \
cmd_tbl_t __u_boot_cmd_##name Struct_Section = {#name, maxargs, rep, cmd, usage, help}
/分析cmd_bootm.c文件//
typedef int boot_os_fn (int flag, int argc, char *argv[],
bootm_headers_t *images); /* pointers to os/initrd/fdt */
#define CONFIG_BOOTM_LINUX 1
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_LINUX
extern boot_os_fn do_bootm_linux;
#endif
boot_os_fn * boot_os[] = {
#ifdef CONFIG_BOOTM_LINUX
[IH_OS_LINUX] = do_bootm_linux,
#endif
};
ulong load_addr = CONFIG_SYS_LOAD_ADDR; /* Default Load Address */
static bootm_headers_t images; /* pointers to os/initrd/fdt images */
/*******************************************************************/
/* bootm - boot application image from image in memory */
/*******************************************************************/
int do_bootm (cmd_tbl_t *cmdtp, int flag, int argc, char *argv[])
{
ulong iflag;
ulong load_end = 0;
int ret;
boot_os_fn *boot_fn;
if (bootm_start(cmdtp, flag, argc, argv))
return 1;
/*
* We have reached the point of no return: we are going to
* overwrite all exception vector code, so we cannot easily
* recover from any failures any more...
*/
iflag = disable_interrupts();
ret = bootm_load_os(images.os, &load_end, 1);
boot_fn = boot_os[images.os.os];
boot_fn(0, argc, argv, &images); //boot_fn函数指针指向do_bootm_linux函数,即调用do_bootm_linux(0, argc, argv, &images);
}
U_BOOT_CMD(
bootm, CONFIG_SYS_MAXARGS, 1, do_bootm,
"boot application image from memory",
"[addr [arg ...]]\n - boot application image stored in memory\n"
"\tpassing arguments 'arg ...'; when booting a Linux kernel,\n"
"\t'arg' can be the address of an initrd image\n"
"\nSub-commands to do part of the bootm sequence. The sub-commands "
"must be\n"
"issued in the order below (it's ok to not issue all sub-commands):\n"
"\tstart [addr [arg ...]]\n"
"\tloados - load OS image\n"
"\tbdt - OS specific bd_t processing\n"
"\tcmdline - OS specific command line processing/setup\n"
"\tprep - OS specific prep before relocation or go\n"
"\tgo - start OS"
);
///分析lib_arm/bootm.c文件中的do_bootm_linux函数
/*
* The new way of passing information: a list of tagged entries
*/
/* The list ends with an ATAG_NONE node. */
#define ATAG_NONE 0x00000000
struct tag_header {
u32 size;
u32 tag;
};
/* The list must start with an ATAG_CORE node */
#define ATAG_CORE 0x54410001
struct tag_core {
u32 flags; /* bit 0 = read-only */
u32 pagesize;
u32 rootdev;
};
/* it is allowed to have multiple ATAG_MEM nodes */
#define ATAG_MEM 0x54410002
struct tag_mem32 {
u32 size;
u32 start; /* physical start address */
};
/* command line: \0 terminated string */
#define ATAG_CMDLINE 0x54410009
struct tag_cmdline {
char cmdline[1]; /* this is the minimum size */
};
/
struct tag {
struct tag_header hdr;
union {
struct tag_core core;
struct tag_mem32 mem;
struct tag_videotext videotext;
struct tag_ramdisk ramdisk;
struct tag_initrd initrd;
struct tag_serialnr serialnr;
struct tag_revision revision;
struct tag_videolfb videolfb;
struct tag_cmdline cmdline;
} u;
};
typedef struct bd_info {
int bi_baudrate; /* serial console baudrate */
unsigned long bi_ip_addr; /* IP Address */
struct environment_s *bi_env;
ulong bi_arch_number; /* unique id for this board */
ulong bi_boot_params; /* where this board expects params */
struct /* RAM configuration */
{
ulong start;
ulong size;
} bi_dram[CONFIG_NR_DRAM_BANKS];
} bd_t;
//
DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR;
static struct tag *params;
//
int do_bootm_linux(int flag, int argc, char *argv[], bootm_headers_t *images)
{
bd_t *bd = gd->bd;
char *s;
int machid = bd->bi_arch_number;
void (*theKernel)(int zero, int arch, uint params);
#ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_TAG
char *commandline = getenv ("bootargs");
#endif
theKernel = (void (*)(int, int, uint))images->ep;
//设置tag
#if defined (CONFIG_SETUP_MEMORY_TAGS) || \
defined (CONFIG_CMDLINE_TAG) || \
defined (CONFIG_INITRD_TAG) || \
defined (CONFIG_SERIAL_TAG) || \
defined (CONFIG_REVISION_TAG) || \
defined (CONFIG_LCD) || \
defined (CONFIG_VFD)
setup_start_tag (bd);
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TAG
setup_serial_tag (¶ms);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_REVISION_TAG
setup_revision_tag (¶ms);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SETUP_MEMORY_TAGS
setup_memory_tags (bd);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_CMDLINE_TAG
setup_commandline_tag (bd, commandline);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_INITRD_TAG
if (images->rd_start && images->rd_end)
setup_initrd_tag (bd, images->rd_start, images->rd_end);
#endif
#if defined (CONFIG_VFD) || defined (CONFIG_LCD)
setup_videolfb_tag ((gd_t *) gd);
#endif
setup_end_tag (bd);
#endif
/* we assume that the kernel is in place */
printf ("\nStarting kernel ...\n\n");
theKernel (0, machid, bd->bi_boot_params);
/* does not return */
return 1;
}
static void setup_start_tag (bd_t *bd)
{
params = (struct tag *) bd->bi_boot_params;
params->hdr.tag = ATAG_CORE;
params->hdr.size = tag_size (tag_core);
params->u.core.flags = 0;
params->u.core.pagesize = 0;
params->u.core.rootdev = 0;
params = tag_next (params);
}
static void setup_end_tag (bd_t *bd)
{
params->hdr.tag = ATAG_NONE;
params->hdr.size = 0;
}
/