c++ 自己实现string类

string类主要方法

/*
    构造函数
    mystring()  //生成一个空字符串s
    mystring(char str[])
    析构
    s.~string() //销毁所有字符，释放内存
    函数：
    swap(string &s2)     //交换两个字符串的内容
    s1.insert(2,"u");       //第2个位置插入u
    s1.assign("cao"); s2 = "aaaaa";      //赋以新值
    s1.erase(0,2);  //删除第0个位置开始到第2个位置之前  0,1 start=0,end=len
    s1.clear(); //删除全部字符串
    s1.append("sb");    //在末尾添加字符串
    s1.replace(0,2,"hhhh"); //0到2之前 替换为hhhh
    s1.length() //返回字符串长度
*/

因为有一个私有的指针成员函数,一个用new操作符创建，这个很重要，还要重载它的=运算符。
有些函数太难写了，如果运行不起就算了。

mystring.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
class mystring{
private:
    char *str;
    int len;
public:
    mystring(){
        str = new char;
        strcpy(str,"");
        len = 0;
    }
    mystring(char const *s){
        len = strlen(s);
        str = new char[len];
        strcpy(str,s);
    }
    char *data(){return str;}

    ~mystring(){delete [] str;}
    mystring(const mystring &other)
	{
		str = new char[64];
		memcpy(str, other.str, 64);
	}
    //友元 重载cout cin =
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, const mystring &tmp){
                 output<<tmp.str;
                 return output;
     }
    friend istream &(operator>>)(istream &input,mystring &tmp){
                 input>>tmp.str;
                 tmp.len = strlen(tmp.str);
                 return input;
      }


    mystring &operator=(const mystring &s){
        if(this->str != NULL){
            delete [] str;
            str = nullptr;
        }
        this->len = s.len;
        str = new char[s.len];
        for(int i=0; i<len; i++){
            *(str+i) = *(s.str+i);
        }
        return *this;
    }
    friend mystring operator+(const mystring s1, const mystring s2){
        char *p1 = s1.str;
        char *p2 = s2.str;
        char *tmp = p1;
        while(*p1) p1++;
        while(*p2){
            *p1 = *p2++;
              p1++;
        }
        *p1 = '\0';
        p1 = tmp;
        return mystring(p1);
    }
    mystring &operator=(char const *s){
        if(this->str != NULL){
            delete [] str;
            str = nullptr;
        }
        this->len = strlen(s);
        str = new char[len];
        strcpy(str, s);
        return *this;
    }

    //获取长度
    int length(){return len;}
    //清空字符串
    void clear(){
        strcpy(str, "");
        len = 0;
    }
    //指定删除某一节 s1.erase(0,2);
    int erase(int start, int end=0);
    //swap(string &s2)     //交换两个字符串的内容
    void swap(mystring &s2);
    //s1.append("sb");   //在末尾添加字符串
    void append(const char *ptr);
    //s1.replace(0,2,"hhhh"); //0到2之前 替换为hhhh
    int replace(int start, int end, const char *ptr);
    //s1.insert(2,"u");       //第2个位置插入u
    int insert(int pos, const char *ptr);
};

int mystring::erase(int start, int end){
    //判断位置是否有效
    if(end==0)
        end = len-1;
    else
        end -= 1;
    if(start > end || start>len){
        cout<<"参数异常,已停止操作"<<endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    char tmp[len]={0};
    int j=0;
    for(int i=0; i<len; i++){
        if(i>=start && i<=end) continue;
        tmp[j++] = *(str+i);
    }
    strcpy(str,tmp);
    len = strlen(str);
    return 0;
}
void mystring::swap(mystring &s2){
    char *tmp = str;
    int tmp_len = len;
    str = s2.str;
    len = s2.length();
    s2.str = tmp;
    s2.len = tmp_len;
}
void mystring::append(const char *ptr){
    strcat(str, ptr);
    len = strlen(str);
}
int mystring::replace(int start, int end, const char *ptr){
    //判断位置是否正确  s3.replace(0,2,"ffffff");
    if(start >= end || (end-start)>=len){
        cout<<"位置不正确,已停止操作"<<endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    char *p = new char[64];
    int i=0,j=0;
    int ptr_len = strlen(ptr);
    while(start--){
        *(p+j) = *(str+i);
        j++;
        i++;
    }
    i = 0;
    while(ptr_len--){
        *(p+j) = *(ptr+i);
        i++;
        j++;
    }
    i = end;
    while(*(str+i) != '\0'){
        *(p+j) = *(str+i);
        i++;
        j++;
    }
    *(p+j) = '\0';
    //cout<<"p = "<<p<<endl;
    strcpy(str, p);
    len = strlen(p);
    delete [] p;
    return 0;
}
int mystring::insert(int pos, const char *ptr){
    if(pos<0 || pos>len){
        cout<<"位置出错,已停止操作"<<endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    replace(pos+1,pos+2,ptr);
    return 0;
}

测试

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "mystring.cpp"
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    mystring s1="abcd";
    mystring s2="123";
    mystring s3;
    //重载 = + 
    s3 = s1 + s2;
    cout<<"s3 = "<<s3<<endl;	//输出流重载
    //在末尾添加字符串
    s3.append("world!");
    //insert 插入
    s3.insert(1,"???");
    cout<<"s3 = "<<s3<<endl;
    //replace 替换对应位置字符串
    s3.replace(1,3,"###");
    //erase   删除对应位置字符串 参数：开始位置 结束位置
    s3.erase(0,1);
    cout<<s3;
    mystring s4;
    //输入流重载
    cin>>s4;
    cout<<s4<<endl;
    //交换s3 和 s4的内容
    s3.swap(s4);
    cout<<"s3="<<s3<<"\ts4="<<s4<<endl;
    //获取长度
    cout<<"s3 len="<<s3.length()<<endl;
    cout<<"s4 len="<<s4.length()<<endl;
    //清空
    s4.clear();
    cout<<"s4="<<s4<<endl;
    return 0;
}

效果：