有理数类

/**
 * 标题:有理数类
    有理数就是可以表示为两个整数的比值的数字。一般情况下,我们用近似的小数表示。但有些时候,不允许出现误差,必须用两个整数来表示一个有理数。
    这时,我们可以建立一个“有理数类”,下面的代码初步实现了这个目标。为了简明,它只提供了加法和乘法运算。

 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
class Rational
{
	private long ra;
	private long rb;

	private long gcd(long a, long b)
	{
		if (b == 0)
			return a;
		return gcd(b, a % b);
	}

	public Rational(long a, long b)
	{
		ra = a;
		rb = b;
		long k = gcd(ra, rb);
		if (k > 1)
		{ // 需要约分
			ra /= k;
			rb /= k;
		}
	}
	// 加法
	public Rational add(Rational x)
	{
		return new Rational(ra*x.rb+rb*x.ra,rb*x.rb);                         //________________________________________;  填空位置
	}
	// 乘法
	public Rational mul(Rational x)
	{
		return new Rational(ra * x.ra, rb * x.rb);
	}

	public String toString()
	{
		if (rb == 1)
			return "" + ra;
		return ra + "/" + rb;
	}
	public static   void main(String args[])
	{
		Rational a = new Rational(1,3);
		Rational b = new Rational(1,6);
		Rational c = a.add(b);
		System.out.println(a + "+" + b + "=" + c);
	}
}

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Python可以通过定义一个有理数来实现有理数的操作。下面是一个简单的Python有理数的示例: ```python class Rational: def __init__(self, numerator, denominator): self.numerator = numerator self.denominator = denominator def __str__(self): return f"{self.numerator}/{self.denominator}" def __add__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Rational): new_numerator = self.numerator * other.denominator + other.numerator * self.denominator new_denominator = self.denominator * other.denominator return Rational(new_numerator, new_denominator) else: raise TypeError("Unsupported operand type: +") def __sub__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Rational): new_numerator = self.numerator * other.denominator - other.numerator * self.denominator new_denominator = self.denominator * other.denominator return Rational(new_numerator, new_denominator) else: raise TypeError("Unsupported operand type: -") def __mul__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Rational): new_numerator = self.numerator * other.numerator new_denominator = self.denominator * other.denominator return Rational(new_numerator, new_denominator) else: raise TypeError("Unsupported operand type: *") def __truediv__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Rational): new_numerator = self.numerator * other.denominator new_denominator = self.denominator * other.numerator return Rational(new_numerator, new_denominator) else: raise TypeError("Unsupported operand type: /") ``` 上述代码定义了一个有理数`Rational`,它包含了有理数的分子和分母属性,并重载了加法、减法、乘法和除法运算符。通过创建`Rational`的实例,可以进行有理数的运算。
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