hcia vlan初复习（2）

1，单臂路由

单臂路由就是通过对路由器接口划分 子接口 的方式进行数据转发。

子接口（ Sub-interface ）是基于路由器 以太网接口 所创建的逻辑接口，以物理接口 ID+ 子接口 ID 进

行标识，子接口继承物理接口的功能。

子接口不同于物理接口，子接口可以处理携带 VLAN 的标签。由于子接口不支持 VLAN 报文，当它收

到 VLAN 报文后，将会把该报文丢弃，因此，需要在子接口上开启处理 VLAN 报文的能力。

一个物理接口可以创建多个子接口。

连接路由器物理接口的交换机的接口，需要配置为 trunk 干道。

要求：

各vlan间可以ping通，全网可达

做法：

分别将PC1 2 3 4 的ip配置为 192.168.1.1    192.168.2.1     192.168.1.2     192.168.2.2

它们的掩码均为24

它们的网关分别为              192.168.1.254   192.168.2.254   192.168.1.254   192.168.2.254

lsw1：

 
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys sw1
[sw1]q
<sw1>undo terminal monitor     -----------小技巧：消除报文，使整个图面整洁干净
<sw1>sys 
[sw1]vlan batch 2 3
[sw1]g 0/0/2   
[sw1]int g0/0/2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[sw1]int g0/0/1
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/4
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3

lsw2：

 
 
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys sw2

[sw2]vlan batch 2 3
[sw2]int g0/0/2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan3  
[sw2]int g0/0/2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 2
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 3
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/1
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
 

r1：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys r1
[r1]int g0/0/0.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]ip address 192.168.1.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]int g0/0/0.2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]ip address 192.168.2.254 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]dot1q termination vid 3
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]arp broadcast enable
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.2]int g0/0/0.1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]dot1q termination vid 2
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0.1]arp broadcast enable

检验：

PC>ping 192.168.1.2

Ping 192.168.1.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.2 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/50/63 ms

 

PC>ping 192.168.2.1

Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=79 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=62 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/78/94 ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.2

Ping 192.168.2.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=94 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=110 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=94 ms

--- 192.168.2.2 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  4 packet(s) received
  20.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/94/110 ms

2，三层交换机

 

二层交换机指的是只具备二层交换功能的交换机。

三层交换机是除了具备二层交换机的所有功能外，还支持通过三层接口实现路由转发功能。

VLANIF 接口是一种三层的逻辑接口，支持 VLAN Tag 的添加和剥离能力，因此可以通过 vlanif 接口实

现 vlan 间的通讯

题目同上

lsw1，lsw2的配置与上面一样

lsw3：

 
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>sys
[Huawei]sys sw3
[sw3]int g0/0/1
[sw3]vlan batch 2 3
[sw3]int g0/0/1
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 3
[sw3]interface Vlanif 2
[sw3-Vlanif2]ip address 192.168.1.254 24
[sw3-Vlanif2]q
[sw3]interface Vlanif 3
[sw3-Vlanif3]ip address 192.168.2.254 24

检验：

PC>ping 192.168.2.1

Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=171 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=78 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=110 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=109 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 78/109/171 ms

PC>ping 192.168.2.2

Ping 192.168.2.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=172 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=125 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=110 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=109 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=93 ms

--- 192.168.2.2 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 93/121/172 ms