ArrayBuffer
ArrayBuffer
:用来表示通用的、固定长度的原始二进制数据缓冲区。它是一个字节数组,通常在其他语言中称为 byte array
TypedArray
TypedArray
:它是一个指定特定元素类型(Int8Array)的统称,详情见 MDN
let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(8);
console.log(buffer.byteLength);
const int8Array = new Int8Array(buffer);
console.log(int8Array.length);
console.log(int8Array.buffer===buffer);
let int16Array = new Int16Array(buffer);
console.log(int16Array.length);
DataView
DataView
:可以从 ArrayBuffer
对象中读写多种数值类型的底层接口使用它时不用考虑不同平台的字节序(大小端)问题
let buffer = new ArrayBuffer(2);
console.log(buffer.byteLength);
let dataView = new DataView(buffer);
console.log(dataView.buffer === buffer);
dataView.setInt8(0, 1);
dataView.setInt8(1, 2);
console.log(dataView.getInt8(0));
console.log(dataView.getInt8(1));
console.log(dataView.getInt16(0));
- DataView和TypeArray都 内部引用了buffer, 所以都有.buffer
Blob
- Blob 可以借助 FileReader 转化为其他形式
let debug = {name:'limy'};
let str = JSON.stringify(debug);
console.log(str);
let blob = new Blob([str],{type:'application/json'});
console.log('blob.size',blob.size);
function readBlob(blob,type){
return new Promise(function(resolve){
let reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function(event){
resolve(event.target.result);
}
switch(type){
case 'ArrayBuffer':
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
break;
case 'DataURL'://二进制数据转成可读的字符串 base64字符串
reader.readAsDataURL(blob);
break;
case 'Text':
reader.readAsText(blob,'utf-8');
break;
default:
break;
}
});
}
readBlob(blob,'ArrayBuffer').then(result=>{
console.log(result);
});
readBlob(blob,'DataURL').then(result=>{
console.log(result);
});
readBlob(blob,'Text').then(result=>{
console.log(result);
});
- Blob 下载 | 图片显示
const a = document.createElement('a')
a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)
a.target = '_blank'
a.download = fileName
document.body.appendChild(a)
a.click()
document.body.removeChild(a)
Base64
- Base64是一组相似的二进制到文本(binary-to-text)的编码规则,使得二进制数据在解释成 radix-64 的表现形式后能够用 ASCII 字符串的格式表示出来
- 两个常用的方法
let encodedData = window.btoa("Hello, world");
let decodedData = window.atob(encodedData);
常用转换
function bufferToBlob(buffer){
return new Blob([buffer])
}
function blobToBuffer(blob) {
const reader = new FileReader();
reader.onload = function(e) {
console.log(reader.result)
}
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
}
function blobToDataURL(blob){
return window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)
}
function dataURLtoBlob(dataurl) {
var arr = dataurl.split(','),
mime = arr[0].match(/:(.*?);/)[1],
bstr = atob(arr[1]),
n = bstr.length,
u8arr = new Uint8Array(n);
while (n--) {
u8arr[n] = bstr.charCodeAt(n);
}
return new Blob([u8arr], {
type: mime
});
}
function arrayBufferToBase64(bytes) {
let binary = ''
const len = bytes.byteLength
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
binary += String.fromCharCode(bytes[ i ])
}
return window.btoa(binary)
}