Postman接口自动化测试之——数据关联（JSON响应值提取）

Postman接口测试过程中，我们时常需要将某一接口的返回数据，提取作为参数，供其他接口使用。这时我们可以通过断言tests解析响应数据，提取所需字符串。

测试API接口：

https://www.juhe.cn/docs/api/id/39

请求参数要求参照API规范。
要求：将响应数据中sk的“wind_direction”的值赋给全局变量respjson

响应数据：

{
    "resultcode": "200",
    "reason": "successed!",
    "result": {
        "sk": {
            "temp": "22",
            "wind_direction": "西北风",
            "wind_strength": "4级",
            "humidity": "49%",
            "time": "13:55"
        },
        "today": {
            "temperature": "15℃~23℃",
            "weather": "多云",
            "weather_id": {
                "fa": "01",
                "fb": "01"
            },
            "wind": "北风3-5级",
            "week": "星期五",
            "city": "苏州",
            "date_y": "2019年10月18日",
            "dressing_index": "舒适",
            "dressing_advice": "建议着长袖T恤、衬衫加单裤等服装。年老体弱者宜着针织长袖衬衫、马甲和长裤。",
            "uv_index": "弱",
            "comfort_index": "",
            "wash_index": "较适宜",
            "travel_index": "较适宜",
            "exercise_index": "较适宜",
            "drying_index": ""
        },
        "future": {
            "day_20191018": {
                "temperature": "15℃~23℃",
                "weather": "多云",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "01",
                    "fb": "01"
                },
                "wind": "北风3-5级",
                "week": "星期五",
                "date": "20191018"
            },
            "day_20191019": {
                "temperature": "14℃~23℃",
                "weather": "晴",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "00",
                    "fb": "00"
                },
                "wind": "北风微风",
                "week": "星期六",
                "date": "20191019"
            },
            "day_20191020": {
                "temperature": "15℃~23℃",
                "weather": "晴转多云",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "00",
                    "fb": "01"
                },
                "wind": "东风微风",
                "week": "星期日",
                "date": "20191020"
            },
            "day_20191021": {
                "temperature": "16℃~24℃",
                "weather": "多云",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "01",
                    "fb": "01"
                },
                "wind": "东北风微风",
                "week": "星期一",
                "date": "20191021"
            },
            "day_20191022": {
                "temperature": "17℃~23℃",
                "weather": "多云",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "01",
                    "fb": "01"
                },
                "wind": "东风微风",
                "week": "星期二",
                "date": "20191022"
            },
            "day_20191023": {
                "temperature": "14℃~23℃",
                "weather": "晴",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "00",
                    "fb": "00"
                },
                "wind": "北风微风",
                "week": "星期三",
                "date": "20191023"
            },
            "day_20191024": {
                "temperature": "16℃~24℃",
                "weather": "多云",
                "weather_id": {
                    "fa": "01",
                    "fb": "01"
                },
                "wind": "东北风微风",
                "week": "星期四",
                "date": "20191024"
            }
        }
    },
    "error_code": 0
}

在断言（tests）中添加提取代码

//获取JSON格式的响应数据
var jsonData=JSON.parse(responseBody);

//提取响应数据中sk.wind_direction的值赋给全局变量respjson
pm.globals.set("respjson", jsonData.result.sk.wind_direction);

执行接口，查看变量。

可以将该变量做为其他接口的请求参数。

如果json里有数组，可以按照数组的序号提取，编号规则从0开始。例如：
{
“resultcode”: “100”,
“list”: [
{
“id”: 1339,
“name”: “李明”,
},
{
“id”: 1340,
“name”: “韩梅梅”,
},
{
“id”: 1341,
“name”: “王斌”,
}
],
“total”: 33
}
要提取第二组name韩梅梅

var jsonData=JSON.parse(responseBody);
pm.globals.set("name", jsonData.list[1].name);