一.TCP流式套接字的编程步骤
在使用之前须链接库函数:工程->设置->Link->输入ws2_32.lib,OK!
服务器端程序:
1、加载套接字库
2、创建套接字(socket)。
3、将套接字绑定到一个本地地址和端口上(bind)。
4、将套接字设为监听模式,准备接收客户请求(listen)。
5、等待客户请求到来;当请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(accept)。
6、用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信(send/recv)。
7、返回,等待另一客户请求。
8、关闭套接字。
客户端程序:
1、加载套接字库
2、创建套接字(socket)。
3、向服务器发出连接请求(connect)。
4、和服务器端进行通信(send/recv)。
5、关闭套接字。
服务器端代码如下:
- #include <Winsock2.h>//加裁头文件
- #include <stdio.h>//加载标准输入输出头文件
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;//版本号
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );//1.1版本的套接字
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 )
- {
- return;
- }//加载套接字库,加载失败则返回
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 )
- {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }//如果不是1.1的则退出
- SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
- //创建套接字(socket)。
- SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
- addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
- //转换Unsigned short为网络字节序的格式
- addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
- bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- //将套接字绑定到一个本地地址和端口上(bind)
- listen(sockSrv,5);//将套接字设为监听模式,准备接收客户请求(listen)。 SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;//定义地址族
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);//初始化这个参数,这个参数必须被初始化 while(1)
- {
- SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);accept的第三个参数一定要有初始值。
- //等待客户请求到来;当请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(accept)。
- //此时程序在此发生阻塞
- char sendBuf[100];
- sprintf(sendBuf,"Welcome %s to http://www.sunxin.org",
- inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
- //用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信(send/recv)。
- send(sockConn,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf)+1,0);
- char recvBuf[100];
- recv(sockConn,recvBuf,100,0);
- printf("%s\n",recvBuf);
- closesocket(sockConn);//关闭套接字。等待另一个用户请求
- }
- }
客户端代码如下:
- #include <Winsock2.h>
- #include <stdio.h>void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );加载套接字库
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);创建套接字(socket)。 SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
- addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
- addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
- connect(sockClient,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));向服务器发出连接请求(connect)。 char recvBuf[100];和服务器端进行通信(send/recv)。
- recv(sockClient,recvBuf,100,0);
- printf("%s\n",recvBuf);
- send(sockClient,"This is lisi",strlen("This is lisi")+1,0); closesocket(sockClient);关闭套接字。
- WSACleanup();//必须调用这个函数清除参数
- }
二.UDP型套接字。
服务器端(接收端)程序:
1、创建套接字(socket)。
2、将套接字绑定到一个本地地址和端口上(bind)。
3、等待接收数据(recvfrom)。
4、关闭套接字。
客户端(发送端)程序:
1、创建套接字(socket)。
2、向服务器发送数据(sendto)。
3、关闭套接字。
服务器端代码:
- #include <Winsock2.h>
- #include <stdio.h>void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- } SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
- addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
- addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000); bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR)); SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- char recvBuf[100]; recvfrom(sockSrv,recvBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
- printf("%s\n",recvBuf);
- closesocket(sockSrv);
- WSACleanup();
- }
客户端代码:
- #include <Winsock2.h>
- #include <stdio.h>void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- } SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
- addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
- addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000); sendto(sockClient,"Hello",strlen("Hello")+1,0,
- (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- closesocket(sockClient);
- WSACleanup();
- }
UDP的不再加注释了。因为它比TCP的简单多了。
3.基于字符界面的聊天程序,用的是UDP式套接字。代码略。
4.如何添加新的工程?
首先选择中Build工具栏,然后在工程管理器上点击右键,选择增加新的工程即可。
- #include<stdio.h>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockserver=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);
- bind(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- listen(sockserver,5);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrclient;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- while(1)
- {
- SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,&len);
- char sendBuf[100];
- sprintf(sendBuf,"welcome %s to my server",inet_ntoa(addrclient.sin_addr));
- send(sockConn,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf)+1,0);
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recv(sockConn,receiveBuf,100,0);
- printf("%s\n",receiveBuf);
- closesocket(sockConn);
- }
- }
- #include<stdio.h>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockclient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrclient;
- addrclient.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
- addrclient.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrclient.sin_port=htons(6000);
- connect(sockclient,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recv(sockclient,receiveBuf,100,0);
- printf("%s\n",receiveBuf);
- send(sockclient,"hello,my name is zhangsan",strlen("hello,my name is zhangsan")+1,0);
- closesocket(sockclient);
- WSACleanup();
- }
tcp之练习
- #include<iostream>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- #include<string>
- using namespace std;
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockserver=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(ADDR_ANY);转化为字节序
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);//转化为字节序
- bind(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- listen(sockserver,5);//监听队列最多出现5个客户端
- SOCKADDR_IN addrclient;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR); //accept最后一个参数实为[in/out]
- while(1)
- {
- SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,&len);
- string str="hello,I am server,i know your ip:";
- string ip=inet_ntoa(addrclient.sin_addr);//转化为char*类型
- send(sockConn,(str+ip).c_str(),str.length()+ip.size()+1,0);
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recv(sockConn,receiveBuf,100,0);
- cout<<"receive from the client:"<<receiveBuf<<endl;
- closesocket(sockConn);
- }
- system("pause");
- }
- #include<iostream>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- using namespace std;
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockclient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrclient;
- addrclient.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//设置要连接的主机IP,这里用一台机做试验
- addrclient.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrclient.sin_port=htons(6000);
- connect(sockclient,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recv(sockclient,receiveBuf,100,0);
- cout<<"receive from the server"<<receiveBuf<<endl;
- send(sockclient,"hello,I am client",strlen("hello,I am client")+1,0);
- closesocket(sockclient);
- WSACleanup();
- }
先看服务器,然后再开客户端:
网络编程,别忘了加上动态链接库喔
udp之练习
- #include<iostream>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- #pragma comment(lib,"WS2_32.lib")
- using namespace std;
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockserver=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(ADDR_ANY);
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);
- bind(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- SOCKADDR_IN addrcient;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recvfrom(sockserver,receiveBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrcient,&len);
- cout<<"来自客户端的消息:"<<receiveBuf<<endl;
- sendto(sockserver,"hello123",strlen("hello123")+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrcient,len);
- closesocket(sockserver);
- WSACleanup();
- }
- #include<iostream>
- #include<string>
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
- using namespace std;
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockclient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);
- sendto(sockclient,"hello,i am client",strlen("hello,i am client")+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,len);
- char receiveBuf[100];
- recvfrom(sockclient,receiveBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&receiveBuf,&len);
- cout<<"接收来自服务器的消息:"<<receiveBuf<<endl;
- closesocket(sockclient);
- WSACleanup();
- }
这里的服务器给客户端发送消息的时候,客户端接收的为什么是乱码呢?想想
recvfrom获得SOCKADDR,sendto没有获得SOCKADDR
下面是基于UTD的字符界面聊天程序:
服务端:
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- #include<stdio.h>
- #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockserver=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);
- bind(sockserver,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- SOCKADDR_IN addrclient;
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- char recvBuf[100];
- char sendBuf[100];
- char tempBuf[200];
- while(1)
- {
- recvfrom(sockserver,recvBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,&len);
- if('q'==recvBuf[0])
- {
- sendto(sockserver,"chat end!",strlen("chat end!")+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,len);
- break;
- }
- sprintf(tempBuf,"%s say %s",inet_ntoa(addrclient.sin_addr),recvBuf);
- printf("%s\n",tempBuf);
- printf("input data:\n");
- gets(sendBuf);
- sendto(sockserver,sendBuf,strlen(tempBuf)+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrclient,len);
- }
- closesocket(sockserver);
- WSACleanup();
- }
客户端:
- #include<Winsock2.h>
- #include<stdio.h>
- #pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
- void main()
- {
- WORD wVersionRequested;
- WSADATA wsaData;
- int err;
- wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 );
- err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
- if ( err != 0 ) {
- return;
- }
- if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ||
- HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) {
- WSACleanup( );
- return;
- }
- SOCKET sockclient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
- SOCKADDR_IN addrserver;
- addrserver.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
- addrserver.sin_family=AF_INET;
- addrserver.sin_port=htons(6000);
- char recvBuf[100];
- char sendBuf[100];
- char tempBuf[200];
- int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR);
- while(1)
- {
- printf("input data:\n");
- gets(sendBuf);
- sendto(sockclient,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf)+2,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,sizeof(SOCKADDR));
- recvfrom(sockclient,recvBuf,100,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,&len);
- if('q'==recvBuf[0])
- {
- sendto(sockclient,"chat end!",strlen("caht end!")+1,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrserver,len);
- }
- sprintf(tempBuf,"%s say %s",inet_ntoa(addrserver.sin_addr),recvBuf);
- printf("%s\n",tempBuf);
- }
- closesocket(sockclient);
- WSACleanup();
- }
效果如下:
有一点瑕疵,自己可以更改。
现在知道为什么前面的服务器向客户端发送字符会出现乱码了吧
原文作者:http://blog.csdn.net/zh634455283/article/details/7884189