Python点滴(八)—图片序列化转为csv格式中遇到的一些问题

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_14959801/article/details/58603728

我在将数字图片转化为数组并保存在csv文件当中出现了一个问题，无法将图片数组存为我想要的形式，即一个excel格中放一个灰度值的样子，问题最终被解决现记录如下：

a=[[1,2,3,4,5],
[6,7,8,5,9,0],
['a','b','e','q','h']]

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
       mywriter.writerows(a)        #多行写入  'wb'写入防止隔行
    

type(a)
Out[159]: list

空格、小数点并不影响数据的写入：

a=[[1.,    2.,    3.,    4.,    5.],
[6.,    7.,    8.,    5.,    9.,    0.],
['a',    'b',    'e',    'q',    'h']]

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
       mywriter.writerows(a)

u=[[34,45,56],[45,234,567]]

y=[45,23,22]

u.append(y)

u
Out[165]: [[34, 45, 56], [45, 234, 567], [45, 23, 22]]

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
       mywriter.writerows(u)
    

type(u)
Out[167]: list     #注意通过append方式加入的list 在csv当中重占一行

而如果我们将list转为mat形式的话：

u=numpy.mat(u)

u
Out[169]: 
matrix([[ 34,  45,  56],
        [ 45, 234, 567],
        [ 45,  23,  22]])

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
       mywriter.writerows(u)            # u为matrix矩阵

from PIL import Image                       
hwLabels=[]
img = Image.open('C:\\Anaconda\\trainingNum\\0-0.jpg')
img_ndarray=numpy.asarray(img,dtype='float64')/256      #转为array


type(img_ndarray)
Out[172]: numpy.ndarray

img_ndarray[0]
Out[173]: 
array([ 0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.0078125 ,  0.        ,  0.00390625,
        0.        ,  0.06640625,  0.13671875,  0.98828125,  0.66796875,
        0.125     ,  0.125     ,  0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.00390625,
        0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ])

type(img_ndarray[0])
Out[174]: numpy.ndarray

img_ndarray
Out[175]: 
array([[ 0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.0078125 ,  0.        ,  0.00390625,
         0.        ,  0.06640625,  0.13671875,  0.98828125,  0.66796875,
         0.125     ,  0.125     ,  0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.00390625,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.01171875,  0.        ,
         0.14453125,  0.76953125,  0.98828125,  0.99609375,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.9921875 ,  0.9140625 ,  0.2421875 ,  0.        ,
         0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.01171875,  0.        ,  0.01171875,  0.0703125 ,
         0.7734375 ,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.98046875,
         0.99609375,  0.9921875 ,  0.99609375,  0.85546875,  0.23828125,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.8984375 ,
         0.9765625 ,  0.9921875 ,  0.234375  ,  0.12109375,  0.13671875,
         0.1328125 ,  0.890625  ,  0.98828125,  0.9921875 ,  0.3671875 ,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.00390625,  0.99609375,
         0.99609375,  0.90625   ,  0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.01171875,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.984375  ,
         0.1328125 ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.015625  ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.99609375,
         0.98828125,  0.61328125,  0.05078125,  0.        ,  0.00390625,
         0.        ,  0.0078125 ,  0.9921875 ,  0.98828125,  0.99609375,
         0.1328125 ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.0078125 ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.015625  ,  0.99609375,
         0.99609375,  0.60546875,  0.03515625,  0.00390625,  0.        ,
         0.015625  ,  0.        ,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,
         0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.00390625,  0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.9921875 ,  0.91796875,  0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.0078125 ,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,  0.99609375,  0.98828125,
         0.13671875,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.0078125 ,  0.        ,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.234375  ,  0.99609375,  0.98828125,
         0.12890625,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,  0.9921875 ,  0.99609375,
         0.1171875 ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.0078125 ,  0.        ,
         0.0078125 ,  0.        ,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.9921875 ,
         0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.01171875,
         0.015625  ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,  0.984375  ,  0.99609375,
         0.11328125,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,
         0.        ,  0.00390625,  0.99609375,  0.9765625 ,  0.99609375,
         0.1328125 ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.01171875,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.671875  ,  0.99609375,  0.98828125,
         0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,
         0.0078125 ,  0.        ,  0.12109375,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,
         0.125     ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.9921875 ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.125     ,  0.00390625,  0.00390625,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.88671875,  0.98828125,  0.9921875 ,
         0.12890625,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.00390625,  0.890625  ,
         0.99609375,  0.99609375,  0.23046875,  0.11328125,  0.        ,
         0.0703125 ,  0.12890625,  0.9921875 ,  0.9921875 ,  0.921875  ,
         0.109375  ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.015625  ,  0.00390625,  0.        ,  0.07421875,
         0.76171875,  0.98828125,  0.99609375,  0.9140625 ,  0.375     ,
         0.76171875,  0.99609375,  0.98828125,  0.859375  ,  0.24609375,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.01171875,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.00390625,  0.        ,
         0.140625  ,  0.7734375 ,  0.984375  ,  0.98828125,  0.99609375,
         0.99609375,  0.98046875,  0.9296875 ,  0.22265625,  0.        ,
         0.01171875,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ],
       [ 0.        ,  0.        ,  0.01171875,  0.0078125 ,  0.        ,
         0.        ,  0.0859375 ,  0.125     ,  0.99609375,  0.99609375,
         0.99609375,  0.23046875,  0.1015625 ,  0.015625  ,  0.        ,
         0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ,  0.        ]])

此时数组是无法写入的：报错如下（数组array 矩阵matrix 都无法成功写入）

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
      mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
      mywriter.writerows(img_ndarray[0])
    
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Error                                     Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-176-2aafd00022b3> in <module>()
      1 with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
      2       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
----> 3       mywriter.writerows(img_ndarray[0])
      4 

Error: sequence expected！！！！！！！！！！

img_ndarray[0][0]
Out[178]: 0.00390625
#可以访问内部值

type(img_ndarray[0])
Out[180]: numpy.ndarray

type(img_ndarray[0][0])
Out[181]: numpy.float64

转为list格式后可以输入写入：

b=[]

for i in range(20):
    b.append(img_ndarray[i].tolist())
    

type(b)
Out[183]: list

numpy.shape(b)
Out[184]: (20L, 20L)

b[0]
Out[185]: 
[0.00390625,
 0.0,
 0.0078125,
 0.0,
 0.00390625,
 0.0,
 0.06640625,
 0.13671875,
 0.98828125,
 0.66796875,
 0.125,
 0.125,
 0.11328125,
 0.0,
 0.00390625,
 0.0,
 0.0,
 0.0,
 0.0,
 0.0]

b[0][0]
Out[186]: 0.00390625

b
Out[187]:        #这是一张图片
[[0.00390625,
  0.0,
  0.0078125,
  0.0,
  0.00390625,
  0.0,
  0.06640625,
  0.13671875,
  0.98828125,
  0.66796875,
  0.125,
  0.125,
  0.11328125,
  0.0,
  0.00390625,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.0],
 [0.00390625,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.01171875,
  0.0,
  0.14453125,
  0.76953125,
  0.98828125,
  0.99609375,
  0.9921875,
  0.99609375,
  0.9921875,
  0.9140625,
  0.2421875,
  0.0,
  0.00390625,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.0,
  0.0],
 [0.0,
  0.01171875,
  0.0,
  0.01171875,
  0.0703125,
  0.7734375,
  0.99609375,
  0.99609375,
  0.99609375,
  0.98046875,

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
      mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
      mywriter.writerows(b)

数据写入成功！

将两张图片读入到csv文件当中，并在末尾添加标签'100'

from PIL import Image                     
imgarray=[]
img = Image.open('C:\\Anaconda\\trainingNum\\0-0.jpg')
img_ndarray=numpy.asarray(img,dtype='float64')/256    #归一化
img_ndarray=numpy.ndarray.flatten(img_ndarray)      #压平为一维向量  一维数组
img_ndarray1=img_ndarray.tolist()                 #将array格式转为list格式
img_ndarray1.extend([100])                    #末尾添加
imgarray.append(img_ndarray1)                #只有转化为list格式才能使用append方法


img = Image.open('C:\\Anaconda\\trainingNum\\1-6.jpg')
img_ndarray2=numpy.asarray(img,dtype='float64')/256
img_ndarray2=(numpy.ndarray.flatten(img_ndarray2))
img_ndarray2=img_ndarray2.tolist()
img_ndarray2.extend([100])
imgarray.append(img_ndarray2)


with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
      mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
      mywriter.writerows(imgarray)          #list格式才可以使用mywriter写入  array和matrix格式都不可以

终极完美boss！

from PIL import Image
import numpy
import os
trainingFileList = os.listdir('C:\\Anaconda\\trainingNum2')           
m = len(trainingFileList)                 
trainingMat=[]
hwLabels=[]
def img2vector(filename):

    img = Image.open(filename)
    img_ndarray=numpy.asarray(img,dtype='int')
    returnVect=numpy.ndarray.flatten(img_ndarray)
    returnVect=returnVect.tolist()
    return returnVect
for i in range(m):
       fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]                  
       fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]                
       classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('-')[0])           
       hwLabels.append(classNumStr)       
       Vect=img2vector('C:\\Anaconda\\trainingNum2\\%s' % fileNameStr)  
       Vect.extend([classNumStr])        
       trainingMat.append(Vect)

with open('test.csv','wb') as myfile:
       mywriter=csv.writer(myfile)
       mywriter.writerows(trainingMat)