Prometheus+blackbox_exporter+grafana监控url

1. blackbox_exporter 概述

blackbox_exporter是Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter 之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp 的监控数据采集。

• HTTP 测试
  定义 Request Header 信息
  判断 Http status / Http Respones Header / Http Body 内容
• TCP 测试
  业务组件端口状态监听
  应用层协议定义与监听
• ICMP 测试
  主机探活机制
• POST 测试
  接口联通性
• SSL 证书过期时间

2. black_exporter 安装

2.1 docker 方式安装

docker pull prom/blackbox-exporter

docker run -d -p 9115:9115 --name blackbox-exporter  prom/blackbox-exporter

2.2 宿主机安装

下载地址-https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases

# 下载
wget https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.0/blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.darwin-amd64.tar.gz
# 解压
tar -zxvf blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.darwin-amd64.tar.gz
# 重命名
mv blackbox_exporter-0.19.0.darwin-amd64/ blackbox_exporter
# 进入 blackbox_exporter 目录
cd blackbox_exporter
# 启动
nohup ./blackbox_exporter --web.listen-address=:9115 --config.file=/home/apps/blackbox_exporter/blackbox.yml &

默认监听9115端口：

# ss -tunlp|grep 9115
tcp    LISTEN     0      32768                  *:9115                  *:*      users:(("blackbox_export",29880,3))

blackbox.yml 配置文件介绍，具体配置参考https://github.com/prometheus/blackbox_exporter/blob/master/CONFIGURATION.md：

modules:
  http_2xx: # http监测模块，这个名字是随便写的，但是需要在 prometheus.yml 配置文件中对应起来。
    prober: http # 进行探测的协议，可以是 http、tcp、dns、icmp
    timeout: 10s
  http_post_2xx:  # http post检测模块
    prober: http
    http:
      method: POST
  tcp_connect: # tcp检测，比如检测某个端口是否在线
    prober: tcp
  icmp: # icmp 检测，比如ping某个服务器
    prober: icmp

3. 和prometheus集成

prometheus.yaml配置文件：

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'blackbox_http_2xx' # 配置get请求检测
    scrape_interval: 30s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets:         # 测试如下的请求是否可以访问的通
        - 127.0.0.1:10005
        - http://127.0.0.1:10005/hello/zhangsan
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # blackbox-exporter 服务所在的机器和端口
  - job_name: 'blackbox_http_post_2xx' # 配置post请求检测
    scrape_interval: 30s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [http_post_2xx]
    static_configs:
      - targets:              # 测试如下的post请求是否可以访问的通，该post请求不带参数
        - 127.0.0.1:10005
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # blackbox-exporter 服务所在的机器和端口
  - job_name: 'blackbox_http_ping' # 检测是否可以ping通某些机器
    scrape_interval: 30s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 127.0.0.1
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # blackbox-exporter 服务所在的机器和端口
  - job_name: 'blackbox_tcp_connect' # 检测某些端口是否在线
    scrape_interval: 30s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [tcp_connect]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - 127.0.0.1:10006
        - 127.0.0.1:10005
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115 # blackbox-exporter 服务所在的机器和端口

4. grafana 展示

选择模板导入，此处选择的是12275

https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/12275