享元模式

在一个系统中如果有多个相同的对象，那么只共享一份就可以了，不必每个都去实例化一个对象。比如说一个文本系统，每个字母定一个对象，那么大小写字母一共就是52个，那么就要定义52个对象。如果有一个1M的文本，那么字母是何其的多，如果每个字母都定义一个对象那么内存早就爆了。那么如果要是每个字母都共享一个对象，那么就大大节约了资源。
下面用代码来举个例子：
TeacherFlyweight.java，抽象的TeacherFlyweight类

package com.wtz;

/**
 * Created by wtz on 2017/9/16.
 */

/**
 * 抽象的TeacherFlyweight类
 */
public abstract class TeacherFlyweight {
    public abstract void teach();
}

Teacher.java，Teacher具体类

package com.wtz;

/**
 * Created by wtz on 2017/9/16.
 */

/**
 * Teacher具体类
 */
public class Teacher extends TeacherFlyweight {
    private String name;

    public Teacher(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void teach() {
        System.out.println(this.name);
    }
}

TeacherFlyweightFactory.java，Teacher工厂

package com.wtz;

/**
 * Created by wtz on 2017/9/16.
 */

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;

/**
 * Teacher工厂
 */
public class TeacherFlyweightFactory {
    private Hashtable teacherFlyweights = new Hashtable();

    public TeacherFlyweightFactory() {

    }

    public Teacher getTeacher(String name) {
        Teacher teacher = (Teacher) teacherFlyweights.get(name);
        if (teacher == null) {
            teacher = new Teacher(name);
            teacherFlyweights.put(name, teacher);
        }
        return teacher;
    }

    public int getTeacherFlyweightSize() {
        return teacherFlyweights.size();
    }
}

MainTeacherClass.java

package com.wtz;

/**
 * Created by wtz on 2017/9/16.
 */
public class MainTeacherClass {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        TeacherFlyweightFactory teacherFlyweightFactory = new TeacherFlyweightFactory();
        Teacher teacher1 = teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacher("黎明");
        Teacher teacher2 = teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacher("王力宏");
        Teacher teacher3 = teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacher("黎明");
        Teacher teacher4 = teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacher("刘欢");
        Teacher teacher5 = teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacher("王力宏");
        teacher1.teach();
        teacher2.teach();
        teacher3.teach();
        teacher4.teach();
        teacher5.teach();
        System.out.println("老师的数量为：" + teacherFlyweightFactory.getTeacherFlyweightSize());
    }
}

运行MainTeacherClass.java，结果如图：

老师的数量其实只有三个，以上就是享元模式。