shp文件的crud

 GeoTools提供了DataStore接口，用于表示一个包含空间数据（spatial data）的文件、数据库、服务，即：空间数据源。API结构如下所示

 FeatureSource被用于读取数据源中的Feature要素数据，其子类FeatureStore拥有对数据源的读写权限。对shp文件要素的操作主要是通过FeatureStore实现的

一、新增要素（addFeatures）

 @Test
    public void addFeaturesToShp() throws IOException {
        //Geometry工厂类
        GeometryFactory geometryFactory = JTSFactoryFinder.getGeometryFactory();
        //创建要素类
        final SimpleFeatureType TYPE = createFeatureType(Point.class);
        String name = "dsandjkadmskladakndsaldmalkdmaldkas";
        Random random = new Random();
        //创建10个新的Feature要素-[带有属性信息的简单Feature-SimpleFeature]
        List<SimpleFeature> features = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            //通过featureType创建SimpleFeatureBuilder，用于后续构建要素
            SimpleFeatureBuilder featureBuilder = new SimpleFeatureBuilder(TYPE);
            Point point = geometryFactory.createPoint(new Coordinate(120.0 + Math.random(), 32.0 + Math.random()));
            //注意字段添加顺序
            featureBuilder.add(point);
            featureBuilder.add(name.substring(0, random.nextInt(name.length())));
            featureBuilder.add(10 + random.nextInt(20));
            SimpleFeature simpleFeature = featureBuilder.buildFeature(null);//创建Feature实例
            features.add(simpleFeature);
        }
        //向shp文件中添加新的Feature要素
        SimpleFeatureCollection collection = new ListFeatureCollection(TYPE, features);
        //获取Shapefile数据源
        String filePath = "F:/data/location.shp";
        File file = new File(filePath);
        DataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(file.toURI().toURL());//创建ShapefileDataStore实例
        SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource(dataStore.getTypeNames()[0]);//获取FeatureSource
        if (featureSource instanceof SimpleFeatureStore) {
            SimpleFeatureStore store = (SimpleFeatureStore) featureSource; // write access!
            store.addFeatures(collection);
        }
    }

二、修改要素（modifyFeatures）

//根据条件修改记录
    @Test
    public void modifyFeatureFromShpByFilter() throws IOException, CQLException {
        //获取数据源
        String filePath = "F:/data/location.shp";
        File file = new File(filePath);
        DataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(file.toURI().toURL());//创建ShapefileDataStore实例
        SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource(dataStore.getTypeNames()[0]);//获取FeatureSource
        if (featureSource instanceof SimpleFeatureStore) {
            SimpleFeatureStore store = (SimpleFeatureStore) featureSource; // write access!
            Filter filter = CQL.toFilter("name = '' OR name IS NULL");
            store.modifyFeatures("name", "xxx", filter);
        }
    }

三、删除要素（removeFeatures）

 //根据条件删除记录
    @Test
    public void deleteFeatureFromShp() throws IOException, CQLException {
        //获取数据源
        String filePath = "F:/data/location.shp";
        File file = new File(filePath);
        DataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(file.toURI().toURL());//创建ShapefileDataStore实例
        SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource(dataStore.getTypeNames()[0]);//获取FeatureSource
        if (featureSource instanceof SimpleFeatureStore) {
            SimpleFeatureStore store = (SimpleFeatureStore) featureSource; // write access!
            Filter filter = CQL.toFilter("name = 'xxx'");
            store.removeFeatures(filter);
        }
    }

四、读取要素（getFeatures）

 @Test
    public void readShapefile() throws IOException {
        String filePath = "F:/data/location.shp";
        File file = new File(filePath);
        DataStore dataStore = new ShapefileDataStore(file.toURI().toURL());//创建ShapefileDataStore实例
        String[] typeNames = dataStore.getTypeNames();//获取数据源中所有可获取的图层名称
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(typeNames));
        //逐个解析图层数据
        for (int i = 0; i < typeNames.length; i++) {
            //图层名称
            String typeName = typeNames[i];
            //featureSource用于读取对应图层中的Feature要素数据
            SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = dataStore.getFeatureSource(typeName);
            //获取FeatureSource中的Feature集合
            SimpleFeatureCollection features = featureSource.getFeatures();
            //获取集合迭代器
            SimpleFeatureIterator iterator = features.features();
            while (iterator.hasNext()) {
                SimpleFeature next = iterator.next();
                //要素类
                SimpleFeatureType featureType = next.getFeatureType();
                //获取对应的类属性
                List<AttributeDescriptor> attributeDescriptors = featureType.getAttributeDescriptors();
                for (int j = 0; j < attributeDescriptors.size(); j++) {
                    Name name = attributeDescriptors.get(j).getName();
                    System.out.println(name + ":" + next.getAttribute(name));
                }
            }
        }
    }