Go基础 - 4 数组,切片,集合,通道

数组 array

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

    number1 := [3]int{1, 2, 2: 3}

    number2 := [3][4]int{
        {1, 2, 3, 4},
        {5, 6, 7, 8},
        {0: 9, 1: 10, 2: 11, 3: 12},
    }

    number3 := [2][2][3]int{
        {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}},
        {{7, 8, 9}, {10, 11, 12}},
    }

    fmt.Println(number1)

    fmt.Println(number2)

    fmt.Println(number3)

    number4 := [...]int{3, 1, 9, 6, 8}

    for i := 0; i < len(number4); i++ {
        for j := i + 1; j < len(number4); j++ {
            if number4[i] < number4[j] {
                number4[i], number4[j] = number4[j], number4[i]
            }
        }
    }

    fmt.Println(number4)
}

[1 2 3]
[[1 2 3 4] [5 6 7 8] [9 10 11 12]]
[[[1 2 3] [4 5 6]] [[7 8 9] [10 11 12]]]
[9 8 6 3 1]

切片 slice

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    //`len` 获取`slice`的长度,  `cap` 获取`slice`的最大容量
    number1 := make([]int, 9, 10)
    fmt.Println(len(number1), cap(number1))

    number2 := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
    number3 := number2[:6]
    number4 := number2[6:]
    number5 := number2[4:5]

    fmt.Println(number3, number4, number5)
}

9 10
[1 2 3 4 5 6] [7 8 9] [5]

集合 map

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "sort"
)

func main() {
    number3 := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c", 4: "d", 5: "e"}
    number4 := make([]int, len(number3))

    i := 0
    for k, v := range number3 {
        fmt.Println(k, v)
        number4[i] = k
        i++
    }

    sort.Ints(number4)
    fmt.Println(number4)

}

2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e
1 a
[1 2 3 4 5]

• Map的迭代顺序是随机的

3 c
4 d
5 e
1 a
2 b
[1 2 3 4 5]

通道 channel

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    //使用 make(chan val-type) 创建一个新的通道
    ch := make(chan int)

    //go 关键字创建一个协程
    go loop(ch)
    go loop(ch)

    //使用阻塞的接受方式来等待一个 go 协程的运行结束
    <-ch
    <-ch //从通道中接收值
}

func loop(ch chan int) {
    for i := 0; i < 8; i++ {
        fmt.Println(i)
    }
    ch <- 1 //发送值到通道
}

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