linux shell 入门学习笔记9 shell状态变量

特殊状态变量

$? 上一次命令执行状态返回值，0正确，非0失败
$$ 当前脚本的进程号
$! 上一次后台进程的PID
$_ 上一次命令的最后一个参数

查找方式  man bash
  搜索Specail Parameters

脚本控制返回值

[ $# -ne 2 ] && {
 echo "must be two args"
 exit 119
}
echo ok

运行结果：

xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ cat ./t1.sh
[ $# -ne 2 ] && {
echo "must be two args"
exit 119
}
echo ok
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11
must be two args
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ echo $?
119
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ echo $?
0
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$

获取上一次后台程序进程PID $!

xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ nohup ping baidu.com & 1>/dev/null
[1] 8458
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to 'nohup.out'

xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ ps -ef | grep ping
xiao123     1680    1328  0 2月22 ?       00:00:11 /usr/libexec/gsd-housekeeping
xiao123     8458    6005  0 10:22 pts/1    00:00:00 ping baidu.com
xiao123     8460    6005  0 10:23 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto ping
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ echo $!
8458
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$

获取当前脚本的PID $$

xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ cat ./t1.sh
[ $# -ne 2 ] && {
 echo "must be two args"
 exit 119
}
echo ok
echo "当前脚本的PID：$$"
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
当前脚本的PID：8491
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
当前脚本的PID：8492
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
当前脚本的PID：8493
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
当前脚本的PID：8494
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$

获取上次命令的最后一个参数

xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ bash ./t1.sh 11 22
ok
当前脚本的PID：8498
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$ echo $_
22
xiao123@xiao123:~/Downloads$