usb转串口——u_serial.c_2

 

 

将数据送到tty层，由tty继续处理，数据在req的buffer里面。

static void gs_rx_push(unsigned long _port)
{
	struct gs_port		*port = (void *)_port;
	struct tty_struct	*tty;
	struct list_head	*queue = &port->read_queue;
	bool			disconnect = false;
	bool			do_push = false;

	/* hand any queued data to the tty */
	spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);
	tty = port->port.tty;
	while (!list_empty(queue)) {
		struct usb_request	*req;

		req = list_first_entry(queue, struct usb_request, list);

		/* leave data queued if tty was rx throttled */
		if (tty && tty_throttled(tty))
			break;

		switch (req->status) {
		case -ESHUTDOWN:
			disconnect = true;
			pr_vdebug("ttyGS%d: shutdown\n", port->port_num);
			break;

		default:
			/* presumably a transient fault */
			pr_warn("ttyGS%d: unexpected RX status %d\n",
				port->port_num, req->status);
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case 0:
			/* normal completion */
			break;
		}

		/* push data to (open) tty */
		if (req->actual && tty) {
			char		*packet = req->buf;
			unsigned	size = req->actual;
			unsigned	n;
			int		count;

			/* we may have pushed part of this packet already... */
			n = port->n_read;
			if (n) {
				packet += n;
				size -= n;
			}

			count = tty_insert_flip_string(&port->port, packet,
					size);
			if (count)
				do_push = true;
			if (count != size) {
				/* stop pushing; TTY layer can't handle more */
				port->n_read += count;
				pr_vdebug("ttyGS%d: rx block %d/%d\n",
					  port->port_num, count, req->actual);
				break;
			}
			port->n_read = 0;
		}

		list_move(&req->list, &port->read_pool);
		port->read_started--;
	}

	/* Push from tty to ldisc; this is handled by a workqueue,
	 * so we won't get callbacks and can hold port_lock
	 */
	if (do_push)
		tty_flip_buffer_push(&port->port);


	/* We want our data queue to become empty ASAP, keeping data
	 * in the tty and ldisc (not here).  If we couldn't push any
	 * this time around, there may be trouble unless there's an
	 * implicit tty_unthrottle() call on its way...
	 *
	 * REVISIT we should probably add a timer to keep the tasklet
	 * from starving ... but it's not clear that case ever happens.
	 */
	if (!list_empty(queue) && tty) {
		if (!tty_throttled(tty)) {
			if (do_push)
				tasklet_schedule(&port->push);
			else
				pr_warn("ttyGS%d: RX not scheduled?\n",
					port->port_num);
		}
	}

	/* If we're still connected, refill the USB RX queue. */
	if (!disconnect && port->port_usb)
		gs_start_rx(port);

	spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);

static void gs_read_complete(struct usb_ep *ep, struct usb_request *req)
{
	struct gs_port	*port = ep->driver_data;

	/* Queue all received data until the tty layer is ready for it. */
	spin_lock(&port->port_lock);
	list_add_tail(&req->list, &port->read_queue);
	tasklet_schedule(&port->push);
	spin_unlock(&port->port_lock);
}

完成一次数据的读取，将数据送入req队列。

从链表中获取req，根据req的status，如果是0，则将req buf中的数据写入环形队列。

static void gs_write_complete(struct usb_ep *ep, struct usb_request *req)
{
	struct gs_port	*port = ep->driver_data;

	spin_lock(&port->port_lock);
	list_add(&req->list, &port->write_pool);
	port->write_started--;

	switch (req->status) {
	default:
		/* presumably a transient fault */
		pr_warn("%s: unexpected %s status %d\n",
			__func__, ep->name, req->status);
		/* FALL THROUGH */
	case 0:
		/* normal completion */
		gs_start_tx(port);
		break;

	case -ESHUTDOWN:
		/* disconnect */
		pr_vdebug("%s: %s shutdown\n", __func__, ep->name);
		break;
	}

	spin_unlock(&port->port_lock);
}

req使用结束后将其释放所占内存，防止内核内存泄漏。

static void gs_free_requests(struct usb_ep *ep, struct list_head *head,
							 int *allocated)
{
	struct usb_request	*req;

	while (!list_empty(head)) {
		req = list_entry(head->next, struct usb_request, list);
		list_del(&req->list);
		gs_free_req(ep, req);
		if (allocated)
			(*allocated)--;
	}
}

创建一个req，分配内存挂接数据传输完成后的回调函数。

static int gs_alloc_requests(struct usb_ep *ep, struct list_head *head,
		void (*fn)(struct usb_ep *, struct usb_request *),
		int *allocated)
{
	int			i;
	struct usb_request	*req;
	int n = allocated ? QUEUE_SIZE - *allocated : QUEUE_SIZE;

	/* Pre-allocate up to QUEUE_SIZE transfers, but if we can't
	 * do quite that many this time, don't fail ... we just won't
	 * be as speedy as we might otherwise be.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		req = gs_alloc_req(ep, ep->maxpacket, GFP_ATOMIC);
		if (!req)
			return list_empty(head) ? -ENOMEM : 0;
		req->complete = fn;
		list_add_tail(&req->list, head);
		if (allocated)
			(*allocated)++;
	}
	return 0;
}

发起数据传送，目前在这里遇到过两次空指针操作，导致kernel crash，一次是 port->usb_port 为空，一次是port->port.tty为空，具体原因还在追查中。

static int gs_start_io(struct gs_port *port)
{
	struct list_head	*head = &port->read_pool;
	struct usb_ep		*ep = port->port_usb->out;
	int			status;
	unsigned		started;

	/* Allocate RX and TX I/O buffers.  We can't easily do this much
	 * earlier (with GFP_KERNEL) because the requests are coupled to
	 * endpoints, as are the packet sizes we'll be using.  Different
	 * configurations may use different endpoints with a given port;
	 * and high speed vs full speed changes packet sizes too.
	 */
	status = gs_alloc_requests(ep, head, gs_read_complete,
		&port->read_allocated);
	if (status)
		return status;

	status = gs_alloc_requests(port->port_usb->in, &port->write_pool,
			gs_write_complete, &port->write_allocated);
	if (status) {
		gs_free_requests(ep, head, &port->read_allocated);
		return status;
	}

	/* queue read requests */
	port->n_read = 0;
	started = gs_start_rx(port);

	/* unblock any pending writes into our circular buffer */
	if (started) {
		tty_wakeup(port->port.tty);
	} else {
		gs_free_requests(ep, head, &port->read_allocated);
		gs_free_requests(port->port_usb->in, &port->write_pool,
			&port->write_allocated);
		status = -EIO;
	}

	return status;
}

 

以下的函数是在tty层被调用的，判断串口的状态，如果没有打开，就开始数据传送。

static int gs_open(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file)
{
	int		port_num = tty->index;
	struct gs_port	*port;
	int		status;

	do {
		mutex_lock(&ports[port_num].lock);
		port = ports[port_num].port;
		if (!port)
			status = -ENODEV;
		else {
			spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);

			/* already open?  Great. */
			if (port->port.count) {
				status = 0;
				port->port.count++;

			/* currently opening/closing? wait ... */
			} else if (port->openclose) {
				status = -EBUSY;

			/* ... else we do the work */
			} else {
				status = -EAGAIN;
				port->openclose = true;
			}
			spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);
		}
		mutex_unlock(&ports[port_num].lock);

		switch (status) {
		default:
			/* fully handled */
			return status;
		case -EAGAIN:
			/* must do the work */
			break;
		case -EBUSY:
			/* wait for EAGAIN task to finish */
			msleep(1);
			/* REVISIT could have a waitchannel here, if
			 * concurrent open performance is important
			 */
			break;
		}
	} while (status != -EAGAIN);

	/* Do the "real open" */
	spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);

	/* allocate circular buffer on first open */
	if (port->port_write_buf.buf_buf == NULL) {

		spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);
		status = gs_buf_alloc(&port->port_write_buf, WRITE_BUF_SIZE);
		spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);

		if (status) {
			pr_debug("gs_open: ttyGS%d (%p,%p) no buffer\n",
				port->port_num, tty, file);
			port->openclose = false;
			goto exit_unlock_port;
		}
	}

	/* REVISIT if REMOVED (ports[].port NULL), abort the open
	 * to let rmmod work faster (but this way isn't wrong).
	 */

	/* REVISIT maybe wait for "carrier detect" */

	tty->driver_data = port;
	port->port.tty = tty;

	port->port.count = 1;
	port->openclose = false;

	/* if connected, start the I/O stream */
	if (port->port_usb) {
		struct gserial	*gser = port->port_usb;

		pr_debug("gs_open: start ttyGS%d\n", port->port_num);
		gs_start_io(port);

		if (gser->connect)
			gser->connect(gser);
	}

	pr_debug("gs_open: ttyGS%d (%p,%p)\n", port->port_num, tty, file);

	status = 0;

exit_unlock_port:
	spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);
	return status;
}

返回数据的有效性和 port_usb 是否还存在。 

static int gs_writes_finished(struct gs_port *p)
{
	int cond;

	/* return true on disconnect or empty buffer */
	spin_lock_irq(&p->port_lock);
	cond = (p->port_usb == NULL) || !gs_buf_data_avail(&p->port_write_buf);
	spin_unlock_irq(&p->port_lock);

	return cond;
}

gs_close 关闭串口，关闭有几个条件：仅有程序在使用该设备，port->port.count 为1，调用port_usbd的disconnect函数断开连接后，释放所有申请的内存。port.tty置空，openclose标志置false。

static void gs_close(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file)
{
	struct gs_port *port = tty->driver_data;
	struct gserial	*gser;

	spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);

	if (port->port.count != 1) {
		if (port->port.count == 0)
			WARN_ON(1);
		else
			--port->port.count;
		goto exit;
	}

	pr_debug("gs_close: ttyGS%d (%p,%p) ...\n", port->port_num, tty, file);

	/* mark port as closing but in use; we can drop port lock
	 * and sleep if necessary
	 */
	port->openclose = true;
	port->port.count = 0;

	gser = port->port_usb;
	if (gser && gser->disconnect)
		gser->disconnect(gser);

	/* wait for circular write buffer to drain, disconnect, or at
	 * most GS_CLOSE_TIMEOUT seconds; then discard the rest
	 */
	if (gs_buf_data_avail(&port->port_write_buf) > 0 && gser) {
		spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);
		wait_event_interruptible_timeout(port->drain_wait,
					gs_writes_finished(port),
					GS_CLOSE_TIMEOUT * HZ);
		spin_lock_irq(&port->port_lock);
		gser = port->port_usb;
	}

	/* Iff we're disconnected, there can be no I/O in flight so it's
	 * ok to free the circular buffer; else just scrub it.  And don't
	 * let the push tasklet fire again until we're re-opened.
	 */
	if (gser == NULL)
		gs_buf_free(&port->port_write_buf);
	else
		gs_buf_clear(&port->port_write_buf);

	port->port.tty = NULL;

	port->openclose = false;

	pr_debug("gs_close: ttyGS%d (%p,%p) done!\n",
			port->port_num, tty, file);

	wake_up(&port->close_wait);
exit:
	spin_unlock_irq(&port->port_lock);
}

将参数buf中的数据写入环形列表中，并启动传输，返回传输数据字节数。

static int gs_write(struct tty_struct *tty, const unsigned char *buf, int count)
{
	struct gs_port	*port = tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long	flags;

	pr_vdebug("gs_write: ttyGS%d (%p) writing %d bytes\n",
			port->port_num, tty, count);

	spin_lock_irqsave(&port->port_lock, flags);
	if (count)
		count = gs_buf_put(&port->port_write_buf, buf, count);
	/* treat count == 0 as flush_chars() */
	if (port->port_usb)
		gs_start_tx(port);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->port_lock, flags);

	return count;
}

串形数据同行接口，将数据一个字节一个字节的写入环形buffer。

static int gs_put_char(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char ch)
{
	struct gs_port	*port = tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long	flags;
	int		status;

	pr_vdebug("gs_put_char: (%d,%p) char=0x%x, called from %ps\n",
		port->port_num, tty, ch, __builtin_return_address(0));

	spin_lock_irqsave(&port->port_lock, flags);
	status = gs_buf_put(&port->port_write_buf, &ch, 1);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->port_lock, flags);

	return status;
}

刷新port中的数据。

static void gs_flush_chars(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
	struct gs_port	*port = tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long	flags;

	pr_vdebug("gs_flush_chars: (%d,%p)\n", port->port_num, tty);

	spin_lock_irqsave(&port->port_lock, flags);
	if (port->port_usb)
		gs_start_tx(port);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->port_lock, flags);
}