【ROOT from CERN】——THistogram类概览

ROOT使用THistogram类来绘制统计直方图。本文只总结了官网上部分代码和最最常用的构造函数等。如果能读透做很大一部分图像完全没问题。有些部分我会使用英语。

一、继承关系-Inheritance

如图所示，TH1为一维直方图，TH2为二维直方图，TH3为三维直方图。后缀的C,D,F,I,S分别为char，double，float，int，short。其意义为该直方图内每个道填充的事例的数量的上限。

具体的细节如下，引自官网： 

• 1-D histograms:
  • TH1C : histograms with one byte per channel. Maximum bin content = 127
  • TH1S : histograms with one short per channel. Maximum bin content = 32767
  • TH1I : histograms with one int per channel. Maximum bin content = INT_MAX (*)
  • TH1F : histograms with one float per channel. Maximum precision 7 digits
  • TH1D : histograms with one double per channel. Maximum precision 14 digits
• 2-D histograms:
  • TH2C : histograms with one byte per channel. Maximum bin content = 127
  • TH2S : histograms with one short per channel. Maximum bin content = 32767
  • TH2I : histograms with one int per channel. Maximum bin content = INT_MAX (*)
  • TH2F : histograms with one float per channel. Maximum precision 7 digits
  • TH2D : histograms with one double per channel. Maximum precision 14 digits
• 3-D histograms:
  • TH3C : histograms with one byte per channel. Maximum bin content = 127
  • TH3S : histograms with one short per channel. Maximum bin content = 32767
  • TH3I : histograms with one int per channel. Maximum bin content = INT_MAX (*)
  • TH3F : histograms with one float per channel. Maximum precision 7 digits
  • TH3D : histograms with one double per channel. Maximum precision 14 digits

二、构造函数-Constructor

对于所有的TH1(包含TH1C，TH1S，TH1I，TH1F，TH1D）具有类似的构造函数，合并为一类进行介绍。TH2以及TH3同理。

1、TH1

（1）Constructor for const bin size histograms

最常用的histogram构造函数，可以用来构建一个各区间等长的直方图。除最后一个区间为闭区间以外，每个区间均为前闭后开。

TH1::TH1 	( 	const char *  	name,
		        const char *  	title,
		        Int_t  	nbins,
		        Double_t  	xlow,
		        Double_t  	xup 
	        ) 	

Example：

TH1* th1 = new TH1("th1","test1",100,1.,100.);

//or you can:
TH1C* th1 = new TH1C("th1","test1",100,1.,100.);
TH1I* th1 = new TH1I("th1","test1",100,1.,100.);
TH1F* th1 = new TH1F("th1","test1",100,1.,100.);
TH1D* th1 = new TH1D("th1","test1",100,1.,100.);

（2）Constructor for variable bin size histograms

TH1::TH1 	( 	const char *  	name,
		        const char *  	title,
		        Int_t  	nbins,
		        const Float_t *  	xbins 
	        ) 	

TH1::TH1 	( 	const char *  	name,
		        const char *  	title,
		        Int_t  	nbins,
		        const Double_t *  	xbins 
	        ) 	

2、TH2

TH2类常用的构造函数。 

TH2::TH2 	( 	const char *  	name,
		        const char *  	title,
		        Int_t  	nbinsx,
		        Double_t  	xlow,
	        	Double_t  	xup,
		        Int_t  	nbinsy,
		        Double_t  	ylow,
		        Double_t  	yup 
	        ) 	

3、TH3

用处较少，仅罗列。

TH3::TH3 	( 	const char *  	name,
		        const char *  	title,
	            Int_t  	nbinsx,
		        Double_t  	xlow,
		        Double_t  	xup,
		        Int_t  	nbinsy,
		        Double_t  	ylow,
		        Double_t  	yup,
		        Int_t  	nbinsz,
		        Double_t  	zlow,
		        Double_t  	zup 
	        )

 三、常用方法

TH1类用处极广，方法极多，常用于绘制统计直方图，各类粒子谱，数学统计量分布等，具体请参阅《TH1绘制一维直方图》。TH2类常用于做平面散点图或截面密度或通量分布，之后也会单作一篇文章。TH3一般情况下使用频率较小，不再单独总结。此篇文章仅简单梳理THistogram的脉络，有兴趣的读者可以自行查看文尾的参考网站。

【资料】

1、ROOT官网——ROOT: analyzing petabytes of data, scientifically. - ROOT

2、ROOT文档——ROOT: Histogram Library

如有错误请指正。