构建器

遇到多个构造器参数时考虑用构建器

Builder模式适合类有很多可选构造参数时。

如果类有很多参数，而且这些参数可选时，在初始化时就会比较麻烦。如果用构造函数，要写很多个，而且可能传入我们不想传入的参数。而JavaBean,构造过程会被分到几个调用中，在构造过程中javabean可能处于不一致的状态。
关于这个不一致我也不是很理解。希望有懂得帮忙解释下。特地用sublime手打了一遍builder模式加深印象。

//Builder Pattern
public class NutritionFacts{
    private final int servingSize;
    private final int servings;
    private final int calories;
    private final int fat;
    private final int sodium;
    private final int carbohhydrate;

    public static class Builder{
        //Required parameters
        private final int servingSize;
        private final int servings;

        //Optional patameters-initialized to default values
        private int calories   =0;
        private int fat        =0;
        private int carbohhydrate=0;
        private int sodium      =0;

        public Builder(int servingSize,int servings){
            this.servingSize=servingSize;
            this.servings=servings;
        }

        public Builder calories(int val){
            this.calories=val;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder fat(int val){
            this.fat=val;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder carbohhydrate(int val){
            this.carbohhydrate=val;
            return this;
        }
        public Builder sodium(int val){
            this.sodium=val;
            return this;
        }

        public NutritionFacts build(){
            return new NutritionFacts(this);
        }
    }
    private NutritionFacts(Builder builder){
        servingSize=builder.servingSize;
        servings=builder.servings;
        fat=builder.fat;
        sodium=builder.sodium;
        carbohhydrate=builder.carbohhydrate;
        calories=builder.calories;
    }
    public void printInfo(){
        System.out.println("servingSize:"+servingSize);
        System.out.println("servings:"+servings);
        System.out.println("fat:"+fat);
        System.out.println("sodium:"+sodium);
        System.out.println("carbohhydrate:"+carbohhydrate);
        System.out.println("calories:"+calories);
    }
}

调用方法

public class BuilderPatternEx {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        NutritionFacts nutrition=new NutritionFacts.Builder(204, 6).calories(6).build();
        nutrition.printInfo();
    }

}

这样在构造时候，就可以单个赋值而且构造过程不会被拆开。但是无疑代码量加大了。而且创建Builder构造器还增加了花销，虽然增加的也不多。