iptables 安装及配置

iptables安装

yum安装iptables

CentOS默认使用firewalld，没有iptables，直接yum安装iptables，然后禁用firewalld即可。rht是直接支持iptables的，可以直接配置就好。

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# yum install -y iptables-services
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
localyum                                                                                                                          | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 iptables-services.x86_64.0.1.4.21-24.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

=========================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                   架构                           版本                                    源                                大小
=========================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 iptables-services                         x86_64                         1.4.21-24.el7                           localyum                          51 k

事务概要
=========================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载量：51 k
安装大小：25 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
  正在安装    : iptables-services-1.4.21-24.el7.x86_64                                                                                               1/1 
  验证中      : iptables-services-1.4.21-24.el7.x86_64                                                                                               1/1 

已安装:
  iptables-services.x86_64 0:1.4.21-24.el7                                                                                                               

完毕！

iptables 配置

关闭原有防火墙

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

关闭防火墙开机自启

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

设置iptables开机自启

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# systemctl enable iptables
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/iptables.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/iptables.service.

配置iptables访问规则

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
# sample configuration for iptables service
# you can edit this manually or use system-config-firewall
# please do not ask us to add additional ports/services to this default configuration
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

新增可访问端口

-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3690 -j ACCEPT

注意：新增配置后得重启iptables

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# service iptables restart

iptables 常用命令

启停命令

查看状态

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# service iptables status

启动

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# service iptables start

关闭

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# service iptables stop

重启

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# service iptables restart

命令详细

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# iptables --help
iptables v1.4.21

Usage: iptables -[ACD] chain rule-specification [options]
       iptables -I chain [rulenum] rule-specification [options]
       iptables -R chain rulenum rule-specification [options]
       iptables -D chain rulenum [options]
       iptables -[LS] [chain [rulenum]] [options]
       iptables -[FZ] [chain] [options]
       iptables -[NX] chain
       iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name
       iptables -P chain target [options]
       iptables -h (print this help information)

Commands:
Either long or short options are allowed.
  --append  -A chain		Append to chain
  --check   -C chain		Check for the existence of a rule
  --delete  -D chain		Delete matching rule from chain
  --delete  -D chain rulenum
				Delete rule rulenum (1 = first) from chain
  --insert  -I chain [rulenum]
				Insert in chain as rulenum (default 1=first)
  --replace -R chain rulenum
				Replace rule rulenum (1 = first) in chain
  --list    -L [chain [rulenum]]
				List the rules in a chain or all chains
  --list-rules -S [chain [rulenum]]
				Print the rules in a chain or all chains
  --flush   -F [chain]		Delete all rules in  chain or all chains
  --zero    -Z [chain [rulenum]]
				Zero counters in chain or all chains
  --new     -N chain		Create a new user-defined chain
  --delete-chain
            -X [chain]		Delete a user-defined chain
  --policy  -P chain target
				Change policy on chain to target
  --rename-chain
            -E old-chain new-chain
				Change chain name, (moving any references)
Options:
    --ipv4	-4		Nothing (line is ignored by ip6tables-restore)
    --ipv6	-6		Error (line is ignored by iptables-restore)
[!] --protocol	-p proto	protocol: by number or name, eg. `tcp'
[!] --source	-s address[/mask][...]
				source specification
[!] --destination -d address[/mask][...]
				destination specification
[!] --in-interface -i input name[+]
				network interface name ([+] for wildcard)
 --jump	-j target
				target for rule (may load target extension)
  --goto      -g chain
                              jump to chain with no return
  --match	-m match
				extended match (may load extension)
  --numeric	-n		numeric output of addresses and ports
[!] --out-interface -o output name[+]
				network interface name ([+] for wildcard)
  --table	-t table	table to manipulate (default: `filter')
  --verbose	-v		verbose mode
  --wait	-w [seconds]	maximum wait to acquire xtables lock before give up
  --wait-interval -W [usecs]	wait time to try to acquire xtables lock
				default is 1 second
  --line-numbers		print line numbers when listing
  --exact	-x		expand numbers (display exact values)
[!] --fragment	-f		match second or further fragments only
  --modprobe=<command>		try to insert modules using this command
  --set-counters PKTS BYTES	set the counter during insert/append
[!] --version	-V		print package version.

查看当前iptable规则

[root@POC-ORACLE ~]# iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
ACCEPT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0           
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:22
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:3690
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
REJECT     all  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     tcp  --  0.0.0.0/0            0.0.0.0/0            state NEW tcp dpt:3690