linux中断&poll&selcet按键处理机制

在上一篇linux按键中断处理中，我们采用按键中断处理获取按键，在read函数中阻塞读取，当按键发生时，read自动解除阻塞，实现应用层读取到相应的按键值。在上一节中如果没有按键到来，应用层会一直阻塞等待在read 函数中。本博客页尝试使用按键中断加poll和selcet机制的方式这个处理。实现在应用层，阻塞指定的时间，如果没有信息返回，就主动退出阻塞等待。

先贴一段代码：

 

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>


/* forthdrvtest 
  */
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int fd;
	unsigned char key_val;
	int ret;

	struct pollfd fds[1];
	
	fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		printf("can't open!\n");
	}

	fds[0].fd     = fd;
	fds[0].events = POLLIN;
	while (1)
	{
		ret = poll(fds, 1, 5000);
		if (ret == 0)
		{
			printf("time out\n");
		}
		else
		{
			read(fd, &key_val, 1);
			printf("key_val = 0x%x\n", key_val);
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

----------------------------------我是漂亮的分割线-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>


static struct class *forthdrv_class;
static struct class_device	*forthdrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;


static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1，forth_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;


struct pin_desc{
	unsigned int pin;
	unsigned int key_val;
};


/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;

struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
	{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
	{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
	{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
	{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};


/*
  * 确定按键值
  */
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
	unsigned int pinval;
	
	pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);

	if (pinval)
	{
		/* 松开 */
		key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
	}
	else
	{
		/* 按下 */
		key_val = pindesc->key_val;
	}

    ev_press = 1;                  /* 表示中断发生了 */
    wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */

	
	return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}

static int forth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
	/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT0,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT2,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);	

	return 0;
}

ssize_t forth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	if (size != 1)
		return -EINVAL;

	/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
	wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

	/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
	copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
	ev_press = 0;
	
	return 1;
}


int forth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
	return 0;
}

static unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
	unsigned int mask = 0;
	poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠

	if (ev_press)
		mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;

	return mask;
}



static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
    .owner   =  THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
    .open    =  forth_drv_open,     
	.read	 =	forth_drv_read,	   
	.release =  forth_drv_close,
	.poll    =  forth_drv_poll,
};


int major;
static int forth_drv_init(void)
{
	major = register_chrdev(0, "forth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);

	forthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "forth_drv");

	forthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(forthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

	gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
	gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

	gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
	gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;

	return 0;
}

static void forth_drv_exit(void)
{
	unregister_chrdev(major, "forth_drv");
	class_device_unregister(forthdrv_class_dev);
	class_destroy(forthdrv_class);
	iounmap(gpfcon);
	iounmap(gpgcon);
	return 0;
}


module_init(forth_drv_init);

module_exit(forth_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

比较分析上一个博文，这俩个博文都使用了了

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

说明，我们在做阻塞等待时，会需要一个等待队列。在上一节中，我们在驱动read函数中，做了等待。然而在此处read并没有等待。那么为了完成我们阻塞等待，我们引进了poll机制。应用层使用poll函数调用内核的sys_poll函数，然后将当前进程塞入到等待队列中，再去调用驱动的poll函数，检测poll函数是否返回非0。如果返回值非0，不进入阻塞，直接返回应用层。倘若，返回值为0则进入阻塞状态。我们可以看到驱动中static volatile int ev_press = 0;将中断跟poll串联起来了。因为在驱动中sys_poll中并不是立即休眠，先执行一遍poll函数。我们在poll函数必须加上当根据ev_press 的当前数值做出不同的返回值。在应用层的poll函数，不在此具体列举，可以通过man poll自己查看。