java list转树形结构

由于项目需要，需要把list转为树形结构，一般list转为树形结构时，需要关心prentCode,及子节点对应的父节点，并且父节点对应的子节点应该放在哪一个属性。及节点的结构层次。

在实现前，先了解下lambda 方法引用获取字段，该方法优势是解决硬编码问题，同时符合java编码规范，不会直接写死，并且当字段名有改变，不能编译通过，及时发现错误。

博客涉及断言使用，主要是用于基本参数的校验，不做详细介绍。

一、lambda 方法引用获取字段

jdk8提供关键字::，用于类、方法及属性的应用，通过下面代码及可拿到相应的属性名。

   //直接通过类应用方法，解决硬编码问题
   //list 列表；
   //menu对象节点，转化树形结构在其对应子节点 ；
   //Menu::getCode表示跟节点值，可为空；
   //Menu::getParentCode表示其父节点
   //Menu::getChildren表示子节点
    new ListTransferTree(list, menu, Menu::getCode, Menu::getParentCode, Menu::getChildren)
    
    //构造方面
    public <T> ListTransferTree(List<T> list, T t, TypeFunction<T> parent, TypeFunction<T> children, TypeFunction<T> node) {
        //断言用于参数校验
        Assert.notEmpty(list, "error: prams list must not belist  empty");
        Assert.notNull(t, "error: prams t must not be null");

        this.list = list;
        this.t = t;
        
		//获取字段名
        this.columnParentName = TypeFunction.getLambdaColumnName(parent);
        this.columnChildrenName = TypeFunction.getLambdaColumnName(children);
        this.columnNodeName = TypeFunction.getLambdaColumnName(node);
    }

//定义接口，参考mybaits-plus实现
@FunctionalInterface
public interface TypeFunction<T> extends Serializable {

    Object get(T source);

    /**
     * 获取列名称
     * @param lambda
     * @return String
     */
    static String getLambdaColumnName(Serializable lambda) {
	        try {
	        	//核心代码，函数式接口继承Serializable时，编译器在编译Lambda表达式时，生成了一个writeReplace方法，这个方法会返回SerializedLambda，可以反射调用这个方法；
	            Method method = lambda.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("writeReplace");
	            method.setAccessible(Boolean.TRUE);
	            SerializedLambda serializedLambda = (SerializedLambda) method.invoke(lambda);
	            String getter = serializedLambda.getImplMethodName();
	            String fieldName = Introspector.decapitalize(getter.replace("get", ""));
	            return fieldName;
	        } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
	            throw new RuntimeException(e);
	        }
	    }
	}

二、 list转树形结构
list转树形结构在项目中经常使用，比如项目菜单列表，通常涉及多级菜单。下面是具体实现代码：

/**
 * 将普通的entity的集合转成存在树状结构的集合
 * @return
 */
public void tree() throws Exception {
    if (list == null || list.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }
   
   //查找子节点
    findChildren(list, t);
}

/**
 * 获取所有子级
 * @param t
 * @param list
 * @return
 */
private <T> void findChildren(List<T> list, T t) throws Exception {
    if (list == null || list.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }
    String columnParentValue = BeanUtils.getProperty(t, columnParentName);

    List<T> items = new ArrayList();
    list.stream().filter(e -> {
        String columnValue = null;
        try {
            columnValue = BeanUtils.getProperty(e, columnChildrenName);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }

        if (columnParentValue == null && columnValue == null) {
            return true;
        }
        return columnParentValue != null && columnParentValue.equals(columnValue);
    }).forEach((s) -> {
        items.add(s);
    });

    if (items == null || items.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }

    BeanUtils.setProperty(t, columnNodeName, items);

    items.stream().forEach(e -> {
        try {
        	//递归查找
            this.findChildren(list, e);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    });
}

三、测试
测试代码如下:

  //测试代码
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    Menu menu = new Menu();

    List<Menu> list = new ArrayList<>();
    list.add(new Menu(1 ,"M1" ,"顶级菜单-1",    "",null,1));
    list.add(new Menu(2 ,"M2" ,"二级菜单-a",    "M1",1,2));
    list.add(new Menu(3 ,"M3" ,"二级菜单-b",    "M1",1,2));
    list.add(new Menu(4 ,"M4" ,"三级菜单-a-a",  "M2",2,3));
    list.add(new Menu(5 ,"M5" ,"三级菜单-a-b",  "M2",2,3));
    list.add(new Menu(6 ,"M6" ,"三级菜单-a-c",  "M2",2,3));
    list.add(new Menu(7 ,"M7" ,"三级菜单-b-a",  "M3",3,3));
    list.add(new Menu(8 ,"M8" ,"顶级菜单-2",    "",null,1));
    list.add(new Menu(9 ,"M9" ,"二级菜单-a-2",  "M8",8,2));
    list.add(new Menu(10,"M10","二级菜单-b-2",  "M8",8,2));
    list.add(new Menu(11,"M11","三级菜单-a-a-2","M9",9,3));
    list.add(new Menu(12,"M12","三级菜单-a-b-2","M9",9,3));
    list.add(new Menu(13,"M13","三级菜单-a-c-2","M9",9,3));
    list.add(new Menu(14,"M14","三级菜单-b-a-2","M10",10,3));

    //id
    menu.setId(null);
//        new ListTransferTree(list, menu, Menu::getId, Menu::getParentId, Menu::getChildren)
//                .tree();

    //code
//        new ListTransferTree(list, menu, Menu::getCode, Menu::getParentCode, Menu::getChildren)
//                .tree();

    menu.setCode("");
    new ListTransferTree(list, menu, Menu::getCode, Menu::getParentCode, Menu::getChildren)
            .tree();

    System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(menu));
}

测试结果:

//json
    {
    "children": [
        {
            "children": [
                {
                    "children": [
                        {
                            "code": "M4",
                            "id": 4,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-a",
                            "parentCode": "M2",
                            "parentId": 2
                        },
                        {
                            "code": "M5",
                            "id": 5,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-b",
                            "parentCode": "M2",
                            "parentId": 2
                        },
                        {
                            "code": "M6",
                            "id": 6,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-c",
                            "parentCode": "M2",
                            "parentId": 2
                        }
                    ],
                    "code": "M2",
                    "id": 2,
                    "level": 2,
                    "name": "二级菜单-a",
                    "parentCode": "M1",
                    "parentId": 1
                },
                {
                    "children": [
                        {
                            "code": "M7",
                            "id": 7,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-b-a",
                            "parentCode": "M3",
                            "parentId": 3
                        }
                    ],
                    "code": "M3",
                    "id": 3,
                    "level": 2,
                    "name": "二级菜单-b",
                    "parentCode": "M1",
                    "parentId": 1
                }
            ],
            "code": "M1",
            "id": 1,
            "level": 1,
            "name": "顶级菜单-1",
            "parentCode": ""
        },
        {
            "children": [
                {
                    "children": [
                        {
                            "code": "M11",
                            "id": 11,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-a-2",
                            "parentCode": "M9",
                            "parentId": 9
                        },
                        {
                            "code": "M12",
                            "id": 12,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-b-2",
                            "parentCode": "M9",
                            "parentId": 9
                        },
                        {
                            "code": "M13",
                            "id": 13,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-a-c-2",
                            "parentCode": "M9",
                            "parentId": 9
                        }
                    ],
                    "code": "M9",
                    "id": 9,
                    "level": 2,
                    "name": "二级菜单-a-2",
                    "parentCode": "M8",
                    "parentId": 8
                },
                {
                    "children": [
                        {
                            "code": "M14",
                            "id": 14,
                            "level": 3,
                            "name": "三级菜单-b-a-2",
                            "parentCode": "M10",
                            "parentId": 10
                        }
                    ],
                    "code": "M10",
                    "id": 10,
                    "level": 2,
                    "name": "二级菜单-b-2",
                    "parentCode": "M8",
                    "parentId": 8
                }
            ],
            "code": "M8",
            "id": 8,
            "level": 1,
            "name": "顶级菜单-2",
            "parentCode": ""
        }
    ],
    "code": ""
}

四、demo地址

https://github.com/13162576590/List-Transfer-Tree