golang template

关键内容:

{{.}} 表示当前对象 --直接输出对象
便利店数组 map 数据切片
{{range …}}{{end}} 
{{with …}}…{{end}} 

package main

import (
    "html/template"
    "os"
)

type Friend struct {
    Fname string
}

type Person struct {
    UserName string
    Emails   []string
    Friends  []*Friend
}

func main() {
    f1 := Friend{Fname: "xiaomig"}
    f2 := Friend{Fname: "xiaowei"}
    t := template.New("fieldname example")
    t, _ = t.Parse(`hello {{.UserName}}!
            {{range .Emails}}
                an email {{.}}
            {{end}}
            {{with .Friends}}
            {{range .}}
                my friend name is {{.Fname}}
            {{end}}
            {{end}}
            `)
    p := Person{UserName: "Astaxie",
        Emails:  []string{"qinzhao@qinzhao.com", "qinzhao@qinzhaocom1"},
        Friends: []*Friend{&f1, &f2}}
    t.Execute(os.Stdout, p)
}

条件处理
if-else语法
如果if else

package main

import (
    "os"
    "text/template"
)

func main() {
    tEmpty := template.New("template test")
    tEmpty = template.Must(tEmpty.Parse("空 pipeline if demo: {{if ``}} 不会输出. {{end}}\n"))
    tEmpty.Execute(os.Stdout, nil)

    tWithValue := template.New("template test")
    tWithValue = template.Must(tWithValue.Parse("不为空的 pipeline if demo: {{if `anything`}} 我有内容，我会输出. {{end}}\n"))
    tWithValue.Execute(os.Stdout, nil)

    tIfElse := template.New("template test")
    tIfElse = template.Must(tIfElse.Parse("if-else demo: {{if `anything`}} if部分 {{else}} else部分.{{end}}\n"))
    tIfElse.Execute(os.Stdout, nil)
}
*if里面只能是bool值

pipelines

{{. | html}}

模板变量

$var := piple

package main

import (
    "text/template"
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

func main() {
    data:=`{{with $x := "qinzhao" | printf "%q"}}{{$x}}{{end}}
{{with $x := "output"}}{{printf "%q" $x}}{{end}}
{{with $x := "output"}}{{$x | printf "%q"}}{{end}}`

    t:=template.New("demo04")
    tpl,err:=t.Parse(data)
    if err!=nil{
        fmt.Printf("template parse failed %#v \n",err)
        return
    }

    tpl.Execute(os.Stdout,nil)
    println()
}

模板函数

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "html/template"
    "os"
    "strings"
)

type Friend struct {
    Fname string
}

type Person struct {
    UserName string
    Emails   []string
    Friends  []*Friend
}

func EmailDealWith(args ...interface{}) string {
    ok := false
    var s string
    if len(args) == 1 {
        s, ok = args[0].(string)
    }
    if !ok {
        s = fmt.Sprint(args...)
    }
    // find the @ symbol
    substrs := strings.Split(s, "@")
    if len(substrs) != 2 {
        return s
    }
    // replace the @ by " at "
    return (substrs[0] + " at " + substrs[1])
}

func main() {
    f1 := Friend{Fname: "xiaoming"}
    f2 := Friend{Fname: "hello"}
    t := template.New("fieldname example")
    t = t.Funcs(template.FuncMap{"emailDeal": EmailDealWith})
    t, _ = t.Parse(`hello {{.UserName}}!
                    {{$var:=.Emails | len}}
                    {{$var}}
                {{range .Emails}}
                    an emails {{.|emailDeal}}
                {{end}}
                {{with .Friends}}
                {{range .}}
                    my friend name is {{.Fname}}
                {{end}}
                {{end}}
                `)
    p := Person{UserName: "qinzhao",
        Emails:  []string{"qinzhao@ww.com", "qinzhao@ww.com01"},
        Friends: []*Friend{&f1, &f2}}
    t.Execute(os.Stdout, p)
    println()
}

模板包内部已经有内置的实现函数

var builtins = FuncMap{
    "and":      and,
    "call":     call,
    "html":     HTMLEscaper,
    "index":    index,
    "js":       JSEscaper,
    "len":      length,
    "not":      not,
    "or":       or,
    "print":    fmt.Sprint,
    "printf":   fmt.Sprintf,
    "println":  fmt.Sprintln,
    "urlquery": URLQueryEscaper,
}

Must操作

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "text/template"
)

func main() {
    tOk := template.New("first")
    template.Must(tOk.Parse(" some static text /* and a comment */"))
    fmt.Println("The first one parsed OK.")

    template.Must(template.New("second").Parse("some static text {{ .Name }}"))
    fmt.Println("The second one parsed OK.")

    fmt.Println("The next one ought to fail.")
    tErr := template.New("check parse error with Must")
    template.Must(tErr.Parse(" some static text {{ .Name }}"))
}

嵌套模板

{{define "子模板名称"}}内容{{end}}

通过如下方式来调用
{{template "子模板名称"}}

//header.tmpl
{{define "header"}}
<html>
<head>
    <title>演示信息</title>
</head>
<body>
{{end}}

//content.tmpl
{{define "content"}}
{{template "header"}}
<h1>演示嵌套</h1>
<ul>
    <li>嵌套使用define定义子模板</li>
    <li>调用使用template</li>
</ul>
{{template "footer"}}
{{end}}

//footer.tmpl
{{define "footer"}}
</body>
</html>
{{end}}

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "text/template"
)

func main() {
    s1, _ := template.ParseFiles("header.html", "content.html", "footer.html")
    s1.ExecuteTemplate(os.Stdout, "header", nil)
    fmt.Println()
    s1.ExecuteTemplate(os.Stdout, "content", nil)
    fmt.Println()
    s1.ExecuteTemplate(os.Stdout, "footer", nil)
    fmt.Println()
    s1.Execute(os.Stdout, nil)
    println()
}

else

eq
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 == arg2
ne
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 != arg2
lt
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 < arg2
le
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 <= arg2
gt
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 > arg2
ge
    Returns the boolean truth of arg1 >= arg2